Black alder dominated forest vegetation in the western part of central Slovakia – species composition and ecology
Keywords:
Alnion glutinosae, Alnion incanae, Ellenberg indicator values, forest vegetation, soil variables, syntaxonomyAbstract
In some regions of Slovakia, black alder forest vegetation has not been documented appropriately yet. This paper is the first vegetation study presenting the phytosociological data and measured environmental parameters from the western part of central Slovakia. The data set was classified by using a modified TWINSPAN algorithm, which allowed us to discern floristically and ecologically distinctive plant communities. They correspond to the associations Stellario nemorum-Alnetum glutinosae Lohmeyer 1957 (riparian alder vegetation on mesic to humid sites along small brooks) and Carici acutiformis-Alnetum glutinosae Scamoni 1935 (eutrophic black alder carr forests in the colline zone) with the variants of Ligustrum vulgare and Galium palustre. The community Carici elongatae-Alnetum glutinosae Schwickerath 1933 (mesotrophic to eutrophic alder carr vegetation growing on permanently waterlogged soils), documented only with two phytosociological relevés, was distinguished following expert knowledge. A floristic and ecological pattern of these associations is presented. The major compositional gradients were interpreted based on Ellenberg’s indicator values and the values of environmental variables recorded during the field sampling in the growing season 2011. The principal component analysis revealed the importance of soil moisture, light availability, portion of open water and soil surface for species composition variability at the association level, whereas the variants of Carici acutiformis-Alnetum glutinosae were sorted along the acidity gradient.
Downloads
References
Balázs, P. 1996: Jelšiny Cerovej vrchoviny (fytocenologická charakteristika). Ochrana Prírody 14: 29–39.
Barkman, J. J., Doing, H. & Segal, S. 1964: Kritische Bemerkungen und Vorschläge zur quantitativen Vegetationsanalyse. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 13: 394–419.
Berta, J. 1970: Waldgesellschaften und Bodenverhältnisse in der Theisstiefebene. Vegetácia ČSSR, B1: 1–372.
Borhidi, A., Kevey, B. & Lendvai, G. 2012: Plant communities of Hungary. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 544 pp.
Botta-Dukát, Z., Chytrý, M., Hájková, P. & Havlová, M. 2005: Vegetation of lowland wet meadows along a climatic continentality gradient in Central Europe. Preslia 77: 89–111.
Chytrý, M. 2000: Formalizované přístupy k fytocenologické klasifikaci vegetace. Preslia 72: 1–29.
Černá, L. & Chytrý, M. 2005: Supervised classification of plant communities with artificial neural networks. Journal of Vegetation Science 16: 407–414.
Douda, J. 2008: Formalized classification of the vegetation of alder carr and floodplain forests in the Czech Republic. Preslia 80: 199–224.
Douda, J. 2010: The role of landscape configuration in plant composition of floodplain forests across different physiographic areas. Journal of Vegetation Science 21: 1110–1124.
Eliáš, P. 1980: Lesné spoločenstvá juhovýchodnej časti Tríbeča. Zborník Referátov 3. Zjazdu Slovenskej Botanickej Spoločnosti pri SAV. SBS & VŠLD, Zvolen, pp. 75–79.
Eliáš, P. 2008: Syntaxonomický prehľad vegetácie podcelku Zobor v pohorí Tribeč. Rosalia 19: 21–31.
Ellenberg, H. 2009: Vegetation ecology of central Europe. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 734 pp.
Ellenberg, H., Weber, H. E., Düll, R., Wirth, W., Werner, W. & Paulißen, D. 1992: Zeigerwerte von Pflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Scripta Geobotanica 18: 1–258.
Hennekens, S. M. & Schaminée, J. H. J. 2001: TURBOVEG, a comprehensive data base management system for vegetation data. Journal of Vegetation Science 12: 589–591.
Hérault, B. & Honnay, O. 2005: The relative importance of local, regional and historical factors determining the distribution of plants in fragmented riverine forests: an emergent group approach. Journal of Biogeography 32: 2069–2081.
Hrivnák, R., Kochjarová, J., Blanár, D. & Šoltés, R. 2009: Jelšové lesy na Muránskej planine – zhrnutie súčasných fytocenologických poznatkov. Reussia 5 (1–2): 23–33.
Jarolímek, I., Šibík, J., Hegedüšová, K., Janišová, M., Kliment, J., Kučera, P., Májeková, J., Michálková, D., Sadloňová, J., Šibíková, I., Škodová, I., Uhlířová, J., Ujházy, K., Ujházyová, M., Valachovič, M. & Zaliberová, M. 2008: A list of vegetation units of Slovakia. In: Jarolímek, I. & Šibík, J. (eds.): Diagnostic, constant and dominant species of the higher vegetation units of Slovakia. Veda, Bratislava, pp. 295–329.
Kárpáti, V., Kárpáti, I. & Jurko, A. 1963: Bachbegleitende Erlenauen im eukarpatischen und pannonischen Mittelgebirge. Biológia 18: 97–120.
Klika, J. 1940: Die Pflanzengesellschaften des Alnion-Verbandes. Preslia 18–19: 97–112.
Kliment, J. & Watzka, R. 2000: Lesné spoločenstvá Drienčanského krasu. In: Kliment, J. (ed.): Príroda Drienčanského krasu. ŠOP SR, Banská Bystrica, pp. 191–214.
Kollár, J., Kanka, R. & Šimonovič, V. 2005: Boggy black alder forests (alliance Alnion glutinosae Malcuit 1929) of northeastern part of the Borská nížina lowland. Phytopedon 4 (2): 1–11.
Kontriš, J. 1981: Pôdnoekologické a fytocenologické pomery lužných lesov Liptovskej kotliny. Biologické Práce 27 (3): 1–164.
Košir, P., Čarni, A., Marinšek, A. & Šilc, U. 2013: Floodplain forest communities along the Mura River (NE Slovenia). Acta Botanica Croatica 72: 71–95.
Marhold, K. & Hindák, F. (eds.) 1998: Zoznam nižších a vyšších rastlín Slovenska. Veda, Bratislava, 688 pp.
Matuszkiewicz, W. 2012: Przewodnik do oznaczania zbiorowisk roślinnych Polski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa, 540 pp.
Miadok, D. 1978: Bachbegleitende Erlenbrüche im nordwestlichen Teil des Gemerské rudohorie- Gebirges. Acta Facultatis Rerum Naturalium Universitatis Comenianae, Botanica 26: 107–115.
Neuhäuslová, Z. 2000: Alnion incanae. In: Moravec, J. (ed.): Přehled vegetace České republiky, Svazek 2. Hygrofilní, mezofilní a xerofilní opadavé lesy. Academia, Praha, pp. 15–70.
Neuhäuslová, Z. & Kolbek, J. 1993: Variability of the association Stellario-Alnetum in the Czech Republic. Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica, Suppl. 2: 631–648.
Neuhäuslová-Novotná, Z. 1970: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Waldgesellschaften der Kleinen Karpaten, Slowakei I. Phytozönologische Verhältnisse. Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica 5: 265–306.
Oberdorfer, E. 1953: Der europäische Auenwald. Beiträge zur naturkundlichen Forschung in Südwest-Deutschland 12: 23–70.
Petrášová, A., Hrivnák, R. & Slezák, M. 2011: Bryoflóra jelšín stredného Slovenska v širších geografických a cenologických súvislostiach. Bryonora 48: 51–58.
Pott, R. 1992: Die Pflanzengesellschaften Deutschlands. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 437 pp.
Prieditis, N. 1993: Black alder swamps on forested peatlands in Latvia. Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica 28: 261–277.
Roleček, J., Tichý, L., Zelený, D. & Chytrý, M. 2009: Modified TWINSPAN classification in which the hierarchy respects cluster heterogeneity. Journal of Vegetation Science 20: 596–602.
Sburlino, G., Poldini, L., Venanzoni, R. & Ghirelli, L. 2011: Italian black alder swamps: Their syntaxonomic relationships and originality within the European context. Plant Biosystems 145: 148–171.
Slezák, M., Hrivnák, R. & Petrášová, A. 2011: Syntaxonomy and ecology of black alder vegetation in the southern part of central Slovakia. Hacquetia 10(2): 115–132.
Slezák, M., Hrivnák, R., Petrášová, A. & Dítě, D. 2013: Variability of alder-dominated forest vegetation along latitudinal gradient in Slovakia. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 82: 25–35.
StatSoft 2001: STATISTICA. System reference. StatSoft Inc., Tulsa.
Šimanský, V. 2010: Základy pedológie (1 vydanie). SPU, Nitra, 108 pp.
Šomšák, L. 1961: Jelšové porasty Spišskogemerského rudohoria. Acta Facultatis Rerum Naturalium Universitatis Comenianae, Botanica 6: 407–459.
Šomšák, L. 2000: Alnion glutinosae Malcuit 1929 na Slovensku (Západné Karpaty). Acta Facultatis Rerum Naturalium Universitatis Comenianae, Botanica 40: 81–102.
Szmorad, F. 2011: The riparian alder forests of the Sopron Hills. Acta Silvatica & Lignaria Hungarica 7: 109–124.
ter Braak, C. J. F. & Šmilauer, P. 2002: CANOCO Reference manual and CanoDraw for Windows User’s guide. Software for Canonical Community Ordination (version 4.5). Microcomputer Power, Ithaca, NY, 500 pp.
Tichý, L. 2002: JUICE, software for vegetation classification. Journal of Vegetation Science 13: 451–453.
Westhoff, V. & van der Maarel, E. 1973: The Braun-Blanquet approach. In: Whittaker, R. H. (ed.): Ordination and classification of communities. Junk, The Hague, pp. 617–727.
Willner, W. & Grabherr, G. 2007: Die Wälder und Gebüsche Österreichs. Ein Bestimmungswerk mit Tabellen. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, 302 pp.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors guarantee that the work is their own original creation and does not infringe any statutory or common-law copyright or any proprietary right of any third party. In case of claims by third parties, authors commit their self to defend the interests of the publisher, and shall cover any potential costs.
More in: Submission chapter
