Srednja vas v Bohinju – paleookoljski zapis vpliva človeka na nižine Julijskih Alp
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3986/AV.76.03Ključne besede:
Julijske Alpe, Srednja vas v Bohinju, holocen, palinologija, človekov vpliv, spremembe vegetacijePovzetek
Arheološke raziskave, ki so se na območju Bohinja v preteklosti osredotočale predvsem na alpske doline, so se v zadnjih desetletjih razširile še v visokogorje. Sledile so jim tudi palinološke raziskave. Da bi pridobili nove informacije o lokalnem vplivu človeka na okolje in posredno gospodarski izrabi prostora, smo v okolici Srednje vasi v Bohinju izvrtali vrtino za palinološke analize.
Rezultati analize kažejo človeški vpliv na vegetacijo od eneolitika naprej (ca. 4700 cal. BP). V železni dobi in rimskemobdobju so lokalni smrekov gozd nadomestili pašniki, kar je v skladu s prisotnostjo večjega števila arheoloških najdišč v bližini. V srednjem veku je opaziti upad drevesnih taksonov, kar je lahko posledica kontinuirane paše in vse večjih potreb po železu. V novem veku je krajina ostala odprta s kontinuiranim pojavljanjem peloda antropogenih indikatorjev, ki nakazujejo na pašništvo/poljedelstvo in posredno na metalurgijo.
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