Pregled bakterij v vrtači Yarık, Antalja, Turčija, v zvezi z raztapljanjem karbonata, biomineralizacijo in biotehnološkim potenciali
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3986/ac.v52i1.10383Ključne besede:
jamske bakterije, neureolitične bakterije, raztapljanje karbonata, obarjanje karbonata, piliketidna sintaza, neribosomalna peptidna sinteazaPovzetek
Abiotski in biotski dejavniki, zlasti mikroorganizmi, imajo pomembno vlogo pri nastanku jamskih oblik in glede edinstvenih značilnosti vsake jame. Zaradi ekoloških razmer, ki so značilne za jamska okolja, ta okolja naseljujejo visoko specializirani mikroorganizmi, ki so glavni vir raznih bioaktivnih spojin. Cilj te študije je opredeliti vlogo in biotehnološki potencial bakterij, izoliranih iz vrtače Yarık v Antalji (Turčija), s pregledom njihove zmožnosti, da povzročijo obarjanje CaCO3, hidrolizirajo sečnino, povzročijo raztapljanja kalcita, in njihove vsebnosti genskih skupin NRPS in PKS. Najpogostejše deblo je Bacillota (sinonim: Firmicutes) (75,7 %), prevladujoča vrsta pa je Bacillus pumilus (33 %). Pri vseh izolatih se je na agarnem gojišču B4 pojavila tvorba kristalov, analize z energijsko disperzivno rentgensko spektroskopijo (EDS) pa so pokazale, da so kristali sestavljeni pretežno iz kalcija, ogljika in kisika. Šestindevetdeset (96 %) naših izolatov ima negativno ureolitično aktivnost. Glede na ta rezultat in zmožnost, da povzročijo obarjanje CaCO3, bakterije v tem okolju uporabljajo druge načine biosinteze, ne hidrolizo sečnine. MgCO3 in CaCO3 je raztopilo 61 % oziroma 59 % izolatov. Poleg tega je 5,9 % in 53,7 % izolatov imelo gene genskih skupin PKS oziroma NRPS. Ta rezultat kaže, da imajo naši izolati velik industrijski in biotehnološki potencial. Lahko so zelo primerni za nadaljnjo biotehnološko uporabo, na primer za pripravo biobetona, bioremediacijo, rodovitnost tal in proizvodnja biološko aktivnih sekundarnih metabolitov.
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