Demographic characteristics of creative workers: under-activated development potentials in Slovenia?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS.4602Keywords:
human geography, creativity, creative professions, innovation, economic development, regional development, demographic change, labour force, SloveniaAbstract
The purpose of the article is to present the key demographic characteristics of the creative labour force in Slovenia and bring attention to some opportunities for a more effective activation of the creative potential. We analysed data from the Statistical Register of Employment. The results indicate that creative workers in Slovenia are not only heterogeneous from the aspect of the employment structure, but that they also differ significantly in terms of gender, age, education, and ethnicity. Even though Slovenia can be compared to the most developed countries in the scope of the creative labour force, it will have to work on stimulating additional development potentials to make it to the top of the list. We conclude that, in the future, a more prominent role should be given to the female creative labour force, young bohemians, and foreign creative people.Downloads
References
Adam, A. 2013: Koncept kreativnosti, neenakost spolov in položaj inovatork v Sloveniji. Teorija in praksa 50, 3–4.
Alfken, C., Broekel, T., Sternberg, R. 2015: Factors explaining the spatial agglomeration of the creative class: empirical evidence for German artists. European Planning Studies 23-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2014.979767
Andersen, K. V., Lorenzen, M. 2005: The geography of the Danish creative class: a mapping and analysis. Internet: http://www.academia.edu/441896/The_Geography_of_the_Danish_Creative_Class_A_Mapping_and_Analysis (9. 2. 2016).
Asheim, B., Hansen, H. K. 2009: Knowledge bases, talents, and contexts: on the usefulness of the creative class approach in Sweden. Economic Geography 85-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01051.x
Bole, D. 2008: Cultural industry as a result of new city tertiarization. Acta geographica Slovenica 48-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS48202
Boschma, R. A., Fritsch, M. 2009: Creative class and regional growth: empirical evidence from seven European countries. Economic Geography 85-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01048.x
Boyle, M. 2006: Culture in the rise of tiger economies: Scottish expatriates in Dublin and the “Creative Class” Thesis. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 30-2. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2006.00661.x
Chapain, C., Clifton, N., Comunian, R. 2013: Understanding creative regions: bridging the gap between global discourses and regional and national contexts. Regional Studies 47-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2013.746441
Clifton, N. 2008: The »Creative Class« in the UK: An initial analysis. Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography 90-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0467.2008.00276.x
Cooke, T. J. 2014: Metropolitan growth and the mobility and immobility of skilled and creative couples across the life course. Urban Geography 35-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2013.860754
Donald, B., Gertler, M. S., Tyler, P. 2013: Creatives after the crash. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 6-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rss023
Eisler, R., Donnelly, G., Montuori, A. 2016: Creativity, society, and gender: contextualizing
and redefining creativity. Interdisciplinary Journal of Partnership Studies 3-2.
Florida, R. 2002: The rise of the creative class: and how it's transforming work, leisure, community and everyday life. New York.
Florida, R. 2005: The flight of the creative class: the new global competition for talent. New York.
Florida, R. 2008: Who’s your city? How the creative economy is making where you live the most important decision of your life. New York.
Fritsch, M., Kritikos, A., Sorgner, A. 2015: Why did self-employment increase so strongly in Germany? Entrepreneurship and Regional Development 27-5–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2015.1048310
Fritsch, M., Stützer, M. 2007: Die Geographie der Kreativen Klasse in Deutschland. Raumforschung und Raumordnung 65-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03183820
Glaeser, E. L. 2005: Review of Richard Florida's The rise of the creative class. Regional Science and Urban Economics 35-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2005.01.005
Gülümser, A. A., Baycan-Levent, T., Nijkamp, P. 2010: Measuring regional creative capacity: a literature review for rural-specific approaches. European Planning Studies 18-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654311003593614
Hansen, H. K., Niedomysl, T. 2009: Migration of the creative class: evidence from Sweden. Journal of Economic Geography 9-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbn046
Humer, Ž., Roksandić, M. 2013: Protikrizni ukrepi in enakost spolov. Ljubljana.
Huggins, R., Clifton, N. 2011: Competitiveness, creativity, and place-based development. Environment and Planning A 43-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/a43559
Kim, K. H. 2006: Can we trust creativity tests? A review of the Torrance tests of creative thinking (TTCT). Creativity Research Journal 18-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326934crj1801_2
Kozina, J. 2013: Poklicna sestava slovenskih regij. Nove razvojne perspektive, Regionalni razvoj 4. Ljubljana.
Kozina, J., Bole, D. 2016: Creativity at the European Periphery: spatial distribution and developmental implications in the Ljubljana region. Creative industries: drivers for new sectoral and spatial dynamics. (In print)
Krätke, S. 2010: ‘Creative Cities’ and the rise of the dealer class: a critique of Richard Florida's approach to Urban Theory. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 34-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2010.00939.x
Kuhar de Domizio, A. 1998: Selitve. Geografski atlas Slovenije. Ljubljana.
Lapuh, L. 2011: Geografski vidiki sodobnega izseljevanja iz Slovenije. Dela 36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4312/dela.36.4.69-91
Madanipour, A. 2011: Knowledge economy and the city: spaces of knowledge. New York.
Markusen, A. 2006: Urban development and the politics of a creative class: evidence from the study of artists. Environment and Planning A 38-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/a38179
Marocu, E., Paci, R. 2012: Education or creativity: what matters most for economic performance? Economic Geography 88-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2012.01161.x
McGranahan, D. A., Wojan, T. 2007: Recasting the creative class to examine growth processes in rural and urban counties. Regional Studies 41-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00343400600928285
Migrants in Europe: A statistical portrait of the first and second generation. 2011. Internet: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-31-10-539/EN/KS-31-10-539-EN.PDF (25. 7. 2012).
Montgomery, J. 2007: The new wealth of cities: city dynamics and the fifth wave. Aldershot.
Musterd, S., Gritsai, O. 2012: The creative knowledge city in Europe: structural conditions and urban policy strategies for competitive cities. European Urban and Regional Studies 20-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0969776412439199
Nathan, M. 2015: After Florida: Towards an economics of diversity. European Urban and Regional Studies 22-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0969776412463371
Ograjenšek, I., Perviz, L. 2015: Socioekonomski položaj samozaposlenih v kulturi: oris stanja v Sloveniji. Andragoška spoznanja 21-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4312/as.21.4.53-67
Peck, J. 2005: Struggling with the creative class. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 29-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2005.00620.x
Penner, A. M., Kanjuo Mrčela, A., Bandelj, N., Petersen, T. 2012: Neenakost po spolu v Sloveniji od 1993 do 2007: razlike v plačah v perspektivi ekonomske sociologije. Teorija in praksa 49-6.
Perko, D. 1998: Spolna sestava. Geografski atlas Slovenije. Ljubljana.
Pernarčič, R. 2010: Zločin in kazen XXX: saga o slovenskih "frilancarjih" ali samó-zaposlenih v kulturi. Glasnik Slovenskega etnološkega društva 50, 1–2.
Pernarčič, R. 2012: Izključeni iz izključenosti: frilens umetniki (kulturniki) kot modni kroj za cesarjeva nova oblačila (fragment 1). Ars & Humanitas 6-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4312/ah.6.1.131-147
Ravbar, M. 2011: Creative Social Groups in Slovenia: Contribution to Geographic Studying of Human Resources. Acta Geographica Slovenica 51-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS51204
Ravbar, M., Bole, D., Nared, J. 2005: A creative milieu and the role of geography in studying the competitiveness of cities: the case of Ljubljana. Acta geographica Slovenica 45-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS45201.
Rausch, S., Negray, C. 2006: Does the creative engine run? A consideration of the effect of creative class on economic strength and growth. Journal of Urban Affairs 28-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9906.2006.00310.x
Scott, A. J. 2006: Creative cities: Conceptual issues and policy questions. Journal of Urban Affairs 28-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0735-2166.2006.00256.x
The Global Gender Gap Index, 2014. Internet: http://reports.weforum.org/global-gender-gap-report-2014/rankings/ (8. 11. 2016).
Ule, M. 2012: Spolne razlike v delovnih in kariernih pogojih znanstvenega dela v Sloveniji. Teorija in praksa 49-4.
Uršič, M. 2016: Characteristics of spatial distribution of creative industries in Ljubljana and the Ljubljana region. Acta Geographica Slovenica 56-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS.745
Zhang, Q. F., Pan, Z. 2012: Women’s entry into self-employment in urban China: The role of family in creating gendered mobility patterns. World Development 40-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.11.004
Žigon, Z. 2004: Ohranjanje etnične identitete med slovenskimi izseljenci v dobi globalizacije. Dve domovini 19.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Jani Kozina
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.