Zbliževanje migracij in policijske dejavnosti: slovenski vidik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3986/dd.2016.1.05Ključne besede:
migracije, policijska dejavnost, pluralizacija, evropeizacija, demilitarizacija, akademizacija, SlovenijaPovzetek
Zbliževanje migracij in policijske dejavnosti skozi proces sekuritizacije (angl. securitization) dobiva povsem nove razsežnosti v okviru evropske migracijske politike. Med prevladujočimi trendi na področju policijske dejavnosti smo poudarili tiste, ki so aktualni tudi v slovenskem prostoru, in sicer: pluralizacijo, evropeizacijo, demilitarizacijo in akademizacijo. Namen prispevka je ugotoviti, ali se ti splošni trendi policijske dejavnosti pojavljajo tudi pri policijskem delu na področju migracij in kaj prinašajo, pri čemer se osredotočamo na Slovenijo.
Prenosi
Literatura
Amnesty International (2015 a). Europe’s sinking shame. The failure to save refugees and migrants at sea. London: Amnesty International Ltd, http://www.amnesty.org.uk/ webfm_send/1345 (31 Aug 2015).
Amnesty International (2015 b). Macedonia: Thousands trapped and at risk of violence as border sealed, https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2015/08/macedonia-thousands-trapped-and-at-risk-ofviolence-as-border-sealed/ (21 Aug 2015).
Avdan, Nazli (2014). Do asylum recognition rates in Europe respond to transnational terrorism? The migration-security nexus revisited. European Union Politics 15/4, 445−471.
BBC (2015). Macedonia migrants: Hundreds rush border forces, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34014353, (21 Aug 2015).
Bigo, Didier (2000). Liaison officers in Europe: New officers in the European security field. Issues in transnational policing (ed. James Sheptycki). Oxon: Routledge, 67−100.
Bigo, Didier (2009). Immigration controls and free movement in Europe. International Review of the Red Cross 91/875, 579−591.
Boswell, Christina (2007). Migration control in Europe after 9/11: Explaining the absence of securitization. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 45/3, 589−610.
Bučar Ručman, Aleš (2013). Crime news discourse in Slovenia: Critical reflection two decades after transition to ‘democracy’. Crime, law and social change 59/1, 21−37.
Bučar Ručman, Aleš (2014). Migracije in kriminaliteta: pogled čez meje stereotipov in predsodkov. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC SAZU.
Bučar Ručman, Aleš (2015). Analiza migracij in odnosov v multikulturni skupnosti: primer mestne občine Velenje. Dve domovini/Two homelands, 41, 113−127.
Bučar Ručman, Aleš, Frangež, Danijela (2014). Analiza trgovine z ljudmi z namenom izkoriščanja delovne sile, trgovine z otroki, prisilnega beračenja in izvrševanja kaznivih dejanj. Ljubljana: Urad vlade RS za komuniciranje.
Button, Mark (2007). Assessing the regulation of private security across Europe. European Journal of Criminology 4/1, 109−128.
Castan Pinos, Jaume (2009). Building Fortress Europe? Schengen and the Cases of Ceuta and Melilla. Centre for International Border Research Working Paper, WP18, http://www.qub.ac.uk/research-centres/CentreforInternationalBordersResearch/ Publications/WorkingPapers/CIBRWorkingPapers/ Filetoupload,174398,en.pdf (31 Aug 2015).
Charlton, Corey, Matthew, Sam (2015). Good luck with that! Hungarian soldiers build border fence they hope will stop unprecedented flow of migrants from Serbia. Dailymail (15 Jul. 2015), http:// www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3162980/Good-luck-Hungarian-soldiers-continue-construction-work-new-border-fence-hope-stop-unprecedented-flow-migrants-Serbia.html (20 Aug 2015).
Edelbacher, Maximilian, Norden, Gilbert (2013). Policing in Austria: Development over the past twenty years, present state and future challenges. Handbook on policing in Central and Eastern Europe (ed. Gorazd Meško, Charles B. Fields, Branko Lobnikar, Andrej Sotlar). New York: Springer, 15−31.
European Commission (2015). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. A European Agenda On Migration, http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/what-we-do/policies/european-agenda-migration/ background-information/docs/communication_on_the_european_agenda_on_migration _en.pdf (20 Aug. 2015).
European Union (2014). A Common European Asylum System. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/e-library/docs/ceas-fact-sheets/ceas_factsheet_en.pdf (20 Aug. 2015).
Feltes, Thomas, Dincă, Jutta (2012). Tides and currents in policing Germany. Journal of Police Studies 4/25, 153–171.
Feltes, Thomas, Marquardt, Uwe, Schwarz, Stefan (2013). Policing in Germany: Developments in the last 20 Years. Handbook on policing in Central and Eastern Europe (ed. Gorazd Meško, Charles B. Fields, Branko Lobnikar, Andrej Sotlar). New York: Springer, 93−115.
Frontex (2015). Rapid Intervention, http://frontex.europa.eu/operations/rapid-intervention/ (20 Apr. 2015).
General Police Directorate (2012). Slovenia’s five years in the Schengen area. Ljubljana: Ministry of the Interior, Police, http://www.policija.si/eng/images/stories/ AreasOfWork/BorderMatters/Schengen/ pdf/Slovenia_5YearsInTheSchengenArea.pdf (12 May 2015).
Graça Peters, Katharina (2011). Ceuta and Melilla: Europe’s High-Tech African Fortress. Spiegel Online International (10 Aug 2011), http://www.spiegel.de/international/ world/ceuta-and-melilla-europes-high-tech-african-fortress-a-779226.html (31 Aug 2015).
Greene, Jack. R (2007). The encyclopedia of police science. New York: Routledge.
Harris, Chris (2015). Is Bulgaria’s border wall forcing migrants to risk deadly crossings? Euronews (30 Apr. 2015), http://www.euronews.com/2015/04/30/is-bulgarias-border-wall-forcing-migrants-to-riskperilous-sea-crossings/ (20 Aug 2015).
Human Rights Watch (2011). The EU’s Dirty Hands: Frontex Involvement in Ill-Treatment of Migrant Detainees in Greece, http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/greece0911 webwcover_0.pdf (29 May 2015).
Huysmans, Jef (2000). The European Union and the Securitization of Migration. Journal of Common Market Studies 38/5, 751−777.
Jones, Trevor, Newburn, Tim (1998). Private security and public policing. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Karyotis, Georgios (2007). European migration policy in the aftermath of September 11: The security– migration nexus. Innovation 20/11, 1−17.
Karyotis, Georgios (2011). The fallacy of securitizing migration: elite rationality and unintended consequences. Security, Insecurity and Migration in Europe (ed. Gabriella Lazaridis). Farnham: Ashgate, 13−30.
Karyotis, Georgios (2011). The fallacy of securitizing migration: elite rationality and unintended consequences. Security, Insecurity and Migration in Europe (ed. Gabriella Lazaridis). Farnham: Ashgate, 13−30.
Kešetović, Želimir M. (2013). Serbian police: Troubled transition from police force to police service. Handbook on policing in Central and Eastern Europe (ed. Gorazd Meško, Charles B. Fields, Branko Lobnikar, Andrej Sotlar). New York: Springer, 217−239.
Leyrer, Richard (2013). Finding the right path of policing in Hungary. Handbook on policing in Central and Eastern Europe (ed. Gorazd Meško, Charles B. Fields, Branko Lobnikar, Andrej Sotlar). New York: Springer, 115−129.
Lobnikar, Branko, Sotlar, Adnrej, Meško, Gorazd (2013). Razvoj policijske dejavnosti v Srednji in Vzhodni Evropi. Revija za kriminalistiko in kriminologijo 64/1, 5−18.
Llorente, M. V. (2006). Demilitarization in a war zone. Public Security and Police Reform in the Americas (ed. John Bailey, Lucía Dammert). Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 111−131.
Lutterbeck, Derek (2006). Policing Migration in the Mediterranean. Mediterranean Politics 11/1, 59–82.
Macklin, Audrey (2013). A Safe Country to Emulate? Canada and the European Refugee. The Global Reach of European Refugee Law (ed. Hélène Lambert, Jane McAdam, Maryellen Fullerton). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 99−131.
Manning, Peter K. (2012). Metaphors and modern policing. Journal of Police Studies 4/25, 69–78.
Medica, Karmen (2007). Sodobne migracije in dileme varnosti. Socialno delo 46/3, 125−133.
Meško, Gorazd, Furman, Robert (2014). Police and Prosecutorial Cooperation in Responding to Transnational Crime. Handbook of transnational crime and justice (ed. Philip Reichel, Jay Albanese). Los Angeles: Sage, 323−352.
Meško, Gorazd, Kury, Helmut (2009). Crime Policy, Crime Control and Crime Prevention: Slovenian Perspectives. Ljubljana: Tipografija.
Meško, Gorazd, Lobnikar, Branko, Sotlar, Andrej, Jere, Maja (2013). Recent developments of policing in Slovenia. Handbook on policing in Central and Eastern Europe (ed. Gorazd Meško, Charles B. Fields, Branko Lobnikar, Andrej Sotlar). New York: Springer, 263−287.
Meško, Gorazd, Sotlar, Andrej (2012). Preprečevanje kriminalitete v lokalnih skupnostih-med ad hoc pristopi in na znanju temelječih preventivnih dejavnostih. Revija za kriminalistiko in kriminologijo 63/3, 229−239.
Meško, Gorazd, Sotlar, Andrej, Lobnikar, Branko (2014). Policing in Central and Eastern Europe: Past, Present, and Future Prospects. The Oxford Handbook of Police and Policing (ed. Michael D. Reisig, Robert J. Kane). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 606−622.
Meško, Gorazd, Sotlar, Andrej, Lobnikar, Branko, Jere, Maja, Tominc, Bernarda (2012). Občutek ogroženosti in vloga policije pri zagotavljanju varnosti na lokalni ravni: CRP (V5-1038 A): poročilo ciljnega raziskovalnega projekta. Ljubljana: Fakulteta za varnostne vede.
Mozetič, Polona (2009). Nezakonite migracije in spreminjanje pojmovanja zasebnosti v družbi nadzora. Revija za kriminalistiko in kriminologijo 60/1, 3−15.
Nielsen, Nikolaj (2012). Fortress Europe: a Greek wall close up. EuObserver (21 Dec 2012), https://euobserver.com/fortress-eu/118565 (31 Aug 2015).
Novinite (2015). Bulgaria to Complete Fence at Border with Turkey by End of Year, http://www.novinite. com/articles/169640/Bulgaria+to+Complete+Fence+at+Border+with+Turkey+by+End+of+Year (20 Aug 2015).
Petermann, Sören, Schönwälder, Karen (2014). Immigration and social interaction. European Societies 16/4, 500−521.
Pickering, Sharon, Bosworth, Mary, Franko Aas, Katja (2014). The Criminology of Mobility. The Routledge Handbook on Crime and International Migration (ed. Sharon Pickering, Julie Ham). Oxon: Routledge, 382−397.
Pickering, Sharon, Segrave, Marie, Tazreiter Claudia, Weber, Leanne (2013). Migration control and human security. The Ashgate Research Companion to Migration Law, Theory and Policy. Law and Migration (ed. Satvinder S. Juss). Farnham: Ashgate, 535−561.
Pickering, Sharon, Weber, Leanne (2013). Policing transversal borders. The Borders of Punishment. Migration, Citizenship, and Social Exclusion (ed. Katja Franko Aas, Mary Bosworth). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 93−110.
Police (2015a). Mission, vision and values of the Police, http://www.policija.si/eng/ index.php/aboutthepolice/tasksandgoals/80-mission-vision-and-values-of-the-police (17 Apr. 2015)
Police (2015b). Mejne zadeve in tujci, http://www.policija.si/index.php/delovna-podroja/ mejne-zadeve-in-tujci (20 Aug. 2015).
Popp, Maximilian (2014). Europe’s Deadly Borders: An Inside Look at EU’s Shameful Immigration Policy. Spiegel Online International (11 Sep 2014), http://www.spiegel.de/ international/europe/europetightens-borders-and-fails-to-protect-people-a-989502-3.html (31 Aug 2015).
Rowe, Michael (2008). Introduction to policing. London: Sage.
Szakacs, Gergely (2015). Hungary expects to complete Serbian border fence by November: lawmaker. Reuters (24 Jul. 2015), http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/07/24/us-europe-migrants-hungary-fence-idUSKCN0PY0VX20150724 (20 Aug. 2015).
Sheptycki, James (2012). Metaphors and modern policing. Journal of Police Studies 4/25, 55−69.
Sims, Alexandra (2015). Slovakia will only accept Christian migrants. The Independent (21 Aug. 2015), http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/migrant-crisis-slovakia-will-only-accept-christians-10463875.html (23 Aug. 2015).
Sotlar, Andrej (2010). Private security in a plural policing environment in Slovenia. Cahiers politiestudies, Journal of Police Studies 3/16, 335−353.
Summaries of EU legislation (2009). The Schengen area and cooperation, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=URISERV:l33020 (6 Apr. 2015).
Tabur, Lauri (2013). Policing in Estonia: From police force to police service. Handbook on policing in Central and Eastern Europe (ed. Gorazd Meško, Charles B. Fields, Branko Lobnikar, Andrej Sotlar). New York: Springer, 81−93.
Tomlinson, Simon (2015). The terrified young victims of Europe’s migrant crisis: Tearful children clasp hands as they are caught in the crush of 3,000 refugees driven back by police with tear gas and stun grenades at the Macedonian border. Dailymail (21 Aug 2015), http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3205764/Police-Macedonia-fire-tear-gas-stun-grenades-break-crowd-3-000-angry-migrantstrying-force-way-border-Greece.html (21 Aug 2015).
Toral, Burcu (2011). Convergence of Securitization of Migration and ‘New Racism’ in Europe: Rise of Culturalism and Disappearance of Politics. Security, Insecurity and Migration in Europe (ed. Gabriella Lazaridis). Farnham: Ashgate, 219−239.
Traynor, Ian (2015). Hungary PM: bring back death penalty and build work camps for immigrants. The Guardian (29 Apr. 2015), http://www.theguardian.com/world/ 2015/apr/29/hungary-pm-deathpenalty-work-camps-for-immigrants-viktor-orban (20 Aug 2015).
Triandafyllidou, Anna, Ilies, Maria (2010). EU irregular migration policies. Irregular Migration in Europe: Myths and Realities (ed. Anna Triandafyllidou). Burlington: Ashgate Publishing, 23−40.
Trimikliniotis, Nicos, Parsanoglou, Dimitris, Tsianos, Vassilis (2013). Mobile Commons, Migrant Digitalities and the Right to the City. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
Wakefield, Alison. (2005). The public surveillance functions of private security. Surveillance and Society 2/4, 529−554.
Walters, William (2009). Europe’s Borders. Sage Handbook of European Studies (ed. Chris Rumford). London: Sage, 485−505.
Zartaloudis, Thanos (2013). Elements of movement controls in post-sovereign governmentality. The Ashgate Research Companion to Migration Law, Theory and Policy. Law and Migration (ed. Satvinder S. Juss). Farnham: Ashgate, 661−688.
Zavratnik Zimic, Simona (2003). Fortress Europe or open Europe? Challenges facing the countries on the “Schengen periphery”. Migracije − Globalizacija − Evropska unija (ed. Romana Bešter, Aleš Drolc, Bogomir Kovač, Silva Mežnarič, Simona Zavratnik Zimic). Ljubljana: Mirovni inštitut, Inštitut za sodobne družbene in politične študije, 181−211.
Zavratnik, Simona (2011). Sodobne migracije v mnenjih slovenske javnosti. Dve domovini 33, 55−71.
Zavratnik, Simona (2012). Migranti kot »drugi«: refleksije mnenjskih merjenj. IB revija: za strokovna in metodološka vprašanja gospodarskega, prostorskega in socialnega razvoja Slovenije 46/2, 57−69.
Zorn, Jelka (2003). Ritualizacija in normalizacija policijskega nasilja nad pribežniki. Časopis za kritiko znanosti, domišljijo in novo antropologijo 31/213–214, 125−159.
Prenosi
Objavljeno
Kako citirati
Številka
Rubrike
Licenca
To delo je licencirano pod Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva-Nekomercialno-Brez predelav 4.0 mednarodno licenco.
Avtorji jamčijo, da je delo njihova avtorska stvaritev, da v njem niso kršene avtorske pravice tretjih oseb ali kake druge pravice. V primeru zahtevkov tretjih oseb se avtorji zavezujejo, da bodo varovali interese založnika ter da bodo povrnili morebitno škodo.
Podrobneje v rubriki: Prispevki
