Ecology and Conservation of Steppes and Semi-Natural Grasslands

Avtorji

  • Orsolya Valkó MTA-DE Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Research Group, Egyetem sqr. 1, 4032, Debrecen
  • Michal Zmihorski Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Kraków
  • Idoia Biurrun Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apdo. 644. 48080 Bilbao
  • Jacqueline Loos Agroecology, Department of Crop Science, Georg-August University. Grisebachstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen
  • Rocco Labadessa Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari
  • Stephen Venn Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65 (Viikinkaari 2a), 00014 7 Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65 (Viikinkaari 1), 00014

Ključne besede:

abandonment, diversity, extensive agriculture, grasslands, homogenization, intensive agriculture, land-use change

Povzetek

Palaearctic grasslands encompass a diverse variety of habitats, many of high nature value and vulnerability. The main challenges are climate-change, land-use change, agricultural intensification and abandonment. Many measures are in place to address these challenges, through restoration and appropriate management, though more work is necessary. We present eight studies from China/Germany, Greece, Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine. The papers cover a wide range of grassland and steppe habitats and cover vegetation ecology, syntaxonomy and zoology. We also conducted a systematic search on steppe and grassland diversity. The greatest number of studies was from China, followed by Germany and England. We conclude that the amount of research being carried out on Eurasian grasslands is inadequate considering their high levels of biodiversity and vulnerability. We hope to encourage readers to address current major challenges, such as how to manage grasslands for the benefit of diverse taxa, to ensure that conservation initiatives concentrate on sites where there is good potential for success and for the generation of realistic and viable conservation strategies.

Prenosi

Podatki o prenosih še niso na voljo.

Literatura

Ambarlı, D., Zeydanlı, U. S., Balkız, O., Aslan, S., Karaçetin, E., Sözen, M., Ilgaz, C., Ergen, A. G., Lise, … & Vural, M. 2016: An overview of biodiversity and conservation status of steppes of the Anatolian Biogeographical Region. Biodiversity and Conservation. DOI 10.1007/s10531-016-1172-0.

Apostolova, I., Dengler, J., Di Pietro, R., Gavilán, R. & Tsiripidis, I. 2014: Dry grasslands of Southern Europe: Syntaxonomy, management and conservation. Hacquetia 13: 5–18.

Baranova, A., Schickhoff, U., Wang, S. & Jin, M. 2016: Mountain pastures of Qilian Shan: plant communities, grazing impact and degradation status (Gansu province, NW China). Hacquetia 15: 21–36.

Báldi, A. & Kisbenedek, T. 1999: Orthopterans in small steppe patches: an investigation for the best-fit model of the species-area curve and evidences for their non-random distribution in the patches. Acta Oecologica 20: 125–132.

Basto, S., Thompson, K., Phoenix, G., Sloan, V., Leake, J. & Rees, M. 2015: Long-term nitrogen deposition depletes grassland seed banks. Nature Communications 6: 6185. Becker, T., Csecserits, A., Deák, B., Janišová, M., Sutcliffe, L.M.E. & Wagner, V. 2016. Different approaches in grassland analysis – Editorial to the 11th EDGG Grassland Special Feature. Tuexenia 36: 287–291.

Bell, J. R., Wheater, C. P. & Cullen, W. R. 2001: The implications of grassland and heathland management for the conservation of spider communities: a review. Journal of Zoology 255: 377–387.

Belonovskaya, E., Gracheva, R., Shorkunov, I. & Vinogradova, V. 2016: Grasslands of intermontane basins of Central Caucasus: land use legacies and present-day state. Hacquetia 15: 37–48.

Bragina, T. M. 2016: Soil macrofauna (invertebrates) of Kazakhstanian Stipa lessingiana dry steppe. Hacquetia 15: 105–112.

Budzhak, V. V., Chorney, I. I., Tokariuk, A. I. & Kuzemko, A. A. 2016: Numeric syntaxonomical analysis of the communities with participation of species from Molinia caerulea complex in the southwest of Ukraine. Hacquetia 15: 63–78.

Carboni, M., Dengler, J., Mantilla-Contreras, J., Venn, S. & Török, P. 2015: Conservation value, management and restoration of Europe’s semi-natural open landscapes. Hacquetia 14: 5–17.

Chytrý, M., Dražil, T., Hájek, M., Kalnóková, V., Preslerová, Z., Šibik, J., Ujházy, K., Axmanová, I., Bernátová, D., … & Vymazalová, M. 2015: The most species-rich plant communities in the Czech Republic and Slovakia (with new world records). Preslia 87: 217–278.

Clavel, J., Julliard, R. & Devictor, V. 2011: Worldwide decline of specialist species: toward a global functional homogenization? Frontiers in Ecology and Environment 9: 222–228.

Dangal, S. R. S., Tian, H., Lu, C., Pan, S., Pederson, N. & Hessl, A. 2016: Synergistic effects of climate change and grazing on net primary production of Mongolian grasslands. Ecosphere 7: e01274.

Deák, B., Hüse, B. & Tóthmérész, B. 2016a: Grassland vegetation in urban habitats – Testing ecological theories. Tuexenia 36: 379–393.

Deák, B., Tóthmérész, B., Valkó, O., Sudnik-Wójcikowska, B., Moysiyenko, I. I., Bragina, T. M., Apostolova, I., Dembicz, I., Bykov, N. I. & Török, P. 2016b: Cultural monuments and nature conservation: a review of the role of kurgans in the conservation and restoration of steppe vegetation. Biodiversity and Conservation; DOI: 10.1007/s10531-016-1081-2.

Dembicz, I., Moysiyenko, I. I., Shaposhnikova, A., Vynokurov, D., Kozub, Ł. & Sudnik-Wójcikowska, B. 2016: Isolation and patch size drive specialist plant species density within steppe islands: a case study of kurgans in southern Ukraine. Biodiversity and Conservation, DOI: 10.1007/s10531-016-1077-y.

Dengler, J., Janišová, M., Török, P. & Wellstein, C. 2014: Biodiversity of Palaearctic grasslands: a synthesis. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 182: 1–14.

Dengler, J., Bergmeier, E., Willner, W. & Chytrý, M. 2013: Towards a consistent classification of European grasslands. Applied Vegetation Science 16: 518–520.

Dengler, J., Biurrun, I., Apostolova, I., Baumann, E., Becker, T., Becker, U., Berastegi, A., Boch, S., Dembicz, I., … & Weiser, F. 2016: Scale-dependant plant diversity in Palaearctic grasslands: a comparative overview. Bulletin of the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group 31: 6–18.

Dittrich, A. D. K. & Helden, A. J. 2016: The community ecology of Ribautodelphax imitans (Ribaut, 1953) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a rare UK planthopper in a distinct grassland habitat. Entomologica Austriaca 23: 87–95.

Giarrizzo, E., Burrascano, S., Zavattero, L. & Blasi, C. 2015: New methodological insights for the assessment of temporal changes in semi- natural dry grasslands plant species composition based on field data from the northern Apennines. Hacquetia 14: 19–32.

Habel, J. C., Dengler, J., Janišová, M., Török, P., Wellstein, C. & Wiezik, M. 2013: European grassland ecosystems: Threatened hotspots of biodiversity. Biodiversity and Conservation 22: 2131–2138.

Hanski, I. & Ovaskainen, O. 2002: Extinction debt at extinction threshold. Conservation Biology 16: 666–673.

Hector, A. & Bagchi, R. 2007 Biodiversity and Ecosystem Multifunctionality. Nature 448: 188–191.

Hüllbusch, E., Brandt, L. M., Ende, P. & Dengler, J. 2016: Little vegetation change during two decades in a dry grassland complex in the Biosphere Reserve Schorfheide-Chorin (NE Germany). Tuexenia 36: 395–412.

Janišová, M., Boch, S., Ruprecht, E., Reitalu, T. & Becker, T. 2014: Continental dry grasslands from range margin to range centre – Editorial to the 9th Dry Grassland Special Feature. Tuexenia 34: 347–353.

Janišová, M., Bartha, S., Kiehl, K. & Dengler, J. 2011: Advances in the conservation of dry grasslands – Introduction to contributions from the 7th European Dry Grassland Meeting. Plant Biosystems 145: 507–513.

Klein, S. 2013: Feuermanagement in Steppenrasen (Engl. Prescribed burning of dry grassland) p. 291–299 . – In: Baumbach, H. [Ed.]: Steppenlebensraume Europas – Gefahrdung, Erhaltungsmasnahmen und Schutz. pp. 291–299, Thuringer Ministerium fur Landwirtschaft, Forsten, Umwelt und Naturschutz, Erfur pp. 456.

Kolomiychuk, V. & Vynokurov, D. 2016: Syntaxonomy of the Festuco-Brometea class vegetation of the Azov Sea coastal zone. Hacquetia 15: 79–104.

Kuussaari, M., Bommarco, R., Heikkinen, R. K., Helm, A., Krauss, J., Lindborg, R., Öckinger, E., Pärtel, M., Pino, J., … & Steffan- Dewenter, I. 2009. Extinction debt: a challenge for biodiversity conservation. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 24: 564–571.

Kuzemko, A. A., Steinbauer, M. J., Becker, T., Didukh, Y. P., Dolnik, C., Jeschke, M., Naqinezhad, A., Ugurlu, E., Vassilev, K. & Dengler, J. 2016: Patterns and drivers of phytodiversity of steppe grasslands of Central Podolia (Ukraine). Biodiversity and Conservation 25. DOI: 10.1007/s10531-016-1060-7.

Labadessa, R., Forte, L. & Mairota, P. 2015: Exploring life forms for linking orthopteran assemblage and grassland plant community. Hacquetia 14: 33–42.

Lamarque, P., Lavorel S., Mouchet M. & Quétier, F. 2014: Plant traitbased models identify direct and indirect effects of climate change on bundles of grassland ecosystem services. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 38: 13751–13756.

Lavelle, P., Decaens, T., Aubert, M., Barota, S., Blouin, M., Bureau, F., Margerie, P., Mora, P. & Rossic, J.-P. 2006: Soil invertebrates and ecosystem services. European Journal of Soil Biology 42: 3–15.

Loos, J., Turtureanu, P. D., von Wehrden, H., Hanspach, J., Dorresteijn, I., Frink, J. P., Fischer, J. 2015: Plant diversity in a changing agricultural landscape mosaic in Southern Transylvania (Romania). Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 199: 350–357.

Lyons, K. G., Brigham, C., Bibit, H. T. & Schwartz, M. W. 2005: Rare Species and Ecosystem Functioning Conservation Biology 19: 1019–1024.

McLean, I. F. G. 1990: The fauna of calcareous grasslands. In: Hillier, S. H., Walton, D. W. H. & Wells, D. A. (eds) Calcareous grasslands - ecology and management. Bluntisham Books, Huntingdon, pp 41–46.

Napolitano, F., Grasso, F., Saltalamacchia, F., Martiniello, P., Bilancione, A., Pacelli, C. & De Rosa G. 2007: Grazing behaviour of buffalo heifers. Italian Journal of Animal Science 6: 1256–1259.

Pärtel, M., Zobel, M., Zobel, K. & van der Maarel, E. 1996: The species pool and its relation to species richness: evidence from Estonian plant communities. Oikos 75(1): 111–117.

Polchaninova, N. 2015: Recovery of spider communities after a spontaneous summer fire in the forb-bunchgrass steppe of eastern Ukraine. Hacquetia 14: 79–96.

Polchaninova, N. Tsurikov, M. & Atemasov, A. 2016: Effect of summer fire on cursorial spider (Aranei) and beetle (Coleoptera) assemblages in meadow steppes of Central European Russia. Hacquetia 15: 113–132.

Polyakova, M. A., Dembicz, I., Becker, T., Becker, U., Demina, O. N., Ermakov, N., Filibeck, G., Guarino, R., Janišová, … & Dengler, J. 2016: Scale- and taxon-dependent patterns of plant diversity in steppes of Khakassia, South Siberia (Russia). Biodiversity and Conservation. DOI: 10.1007/s10531-016-1093-y.

Ramankutty N., Evan A. T., Monfreda C. & Foley J. A. 2008: Farming the planet: 1. Geographic distribution of global agricultural lands in the year 2000. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 22: GB1003. DOI: 10.1029/2007GB002952.

Ronkin, V. & Savchenko, G. 2016: Flora and vegetation of dry grasslands of Northeastern Ukraine, and problems of diversity conservation. Hacquetia 15: 49–62.

Ruprecht, E., Janišová, M., Sutcliffe, L., Boch, S. & Becker, T. 2015: Dry grasslands of Central-Eastern and South-Eastern Europe shaped by environmental heterogeneity and human land use – Editorial to the 10th Dry Grassland Special Feature. Tuexenia 35: 321–328.

Strijker, D. 2005: Marginal lands in Europe – Causes of decline. Basic and Applied Ecology 6: 99–106.

Soliveres, S., Manning, P., Prati, D., Gossner, M. M., Alt, F., Arndt, H., Baumgartner, V., Binkenstein, J., Birkhofer, K., … & Allan, E. 2016: Locally rare species influence grassland ecosystem multifunctionality. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 371: 20150269.

Sutcliffe, L. M. E., Batáry, P., Kormann, U., Báldi, A., Dicks, L. V., Herzon, I., Kleijn, D., Tryjanowski, P., Apostolova, I., … & Tscharntke, T. 2015: Harnessing the biodiversity value of Central and Eastern European farmland. Diversity & Distributions 21: 722–730.

Tälle, M., Deák, B., Poschlod, P., Valkó, O., Westerberg, L. & Milberg, P. 2016: Grazing vs. Mowing: A meta-analysis of biodiversity benefits for grassland management. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 222: 200–212.

Tölgyesi, C., Bátori, Z., Erdős, L., Gallé, R. & Körmöczi, L. 2015: Plant diversity patterns of a Hungarian steppe-wetland mosaic in relation to grazing regime and land use history. Tuexenia 35: 399–416.

Török, P., Wesche, K., Ambarlı, D., Kamp, J. & Dengler, J. 2016: Step(pe) up! Raising the profile of the Palaearctic natural grasslands. Biodiversity and Conservation (in press).

Török, P., Valkó, O., Deák, B., Kelemen, A. & Tóthmérész B. 2014: Traditional cattle grazing in a mosaic alkali landscape: Effects on grassland biodiversity along a moisture gradient. PlosONE 9: (5) Paper e97095.

Tóth, E., Deák, B., Valkó, O., Kelemen, A., Miglécz, T., Tóthmérész, B. & Török, P. 2016: Livestock type is more crucial than grazing intensity: Traditional cattle and sheep grazing in short-grass steppes. Land Degradation & Development. doi: 10.1002/ldr.2514.

Tsiobani, E. T., Yiakoulaki, M. D., Hasanagas, N. D., Menexes, G. & Papanikolaou, K. 2016: Water Buffaloes’ grazing behaviour at the Lake Kerkini National Park, Northern Greece. Hacquetia 15: 133–142.

Valkó, O., Török, P., Matus, G. & Tóthmérész, B. 2012: Is regular mowing the most appropriate and cost-effective management maintaining diversity and biomass of target forbs in mountain hay meadows? Flora 207 (4): 303–309.

Van Swaay, C. A. M. 2002: The importance of calcareous grasslands for butterflies in Europe. Biological Conservation 104: 315–318.

Venn, S., Schulman, H., Törrönen, S., Salla, A., Pajunen,T., Kerppola, S., Paukkunen, J., Nieminen, M., Vilisics, F. & Karjalainen, S. 2015: Helsinki, p. 323–377 in J. Kelsey (ed.) Vertebrates and Invertebrates of European Cities, Springer Verlag, New York, pp. 700.

Venn, S., Ambarlı, D., Biurrun, I., Dengler, J., Janišová, M., Kuzemko, A., Török, P. & Vrahnakis, M. 2016: The Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) in 2015. Hacquetia 15: 15–19.

Vynokurov, D. 2016: Classification of Pontic-Caspian true steppe vegetation: preliminary overview. In: Agrillo, E., Attorre, F., Spada, F. & Casella, L. (eds.), 25th Meeting of European Vegetation Survey, 6–9 April 2016. Book of Abstracts. Lectures, Roma, p. 74.

Wang, Y. & Wesche, K. 2016: Vegetation and soil responses to livestock grazing in Central Asian grasslands: a review of Chinese literature. Biodiversity and Conservation. DOI: 10.1007/s10531-015-1034-1.

WallisDeVries, M. F., Poschlod, P. & Willems, J. H. 2002: Challenges for the conservation of calcareous grasslands in north-western Europe: integrating the requirements of flora and fauna. Biological Conservation 104: 265–273.

Wilson, J.B., Peet, R.K., Dengler, J. & Pärtel, M. 2012: Plant species richness: the world records. Journal of Vegetation Science 23: 796–802.

Woodcock, B. A., Pywell, R., Roy, D. B., Rose, R. J. & Bell, D. 2005: Grazing management of calcareous grasslands and its implications for the conservation of beetle communities. Biological Conservation 125: 192–202.

Zavaleta, E.S., Pasari, J., Hulvey, K. & Tilman, G.D. 2010 Sustaining multiple ecosystem functions in grassland communities requires higher biodiversity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107: 1443–1446.

Zhu, J., He, N., Wang, Q., Yuan, G., Wen, D., Yu, G. & Jia, Y. 2015: The composition, spatial patterns, and influencing factors of atmospheric wet nitrogen deposition in Chinese terrestrial ecosystems. Science of the Total Environment 511: 777–785.

Objavljeno

2016-08-02

Kako citirati

Valkó, O., Zmihorski, M., Biurrun, I., Loos, J., Labadessa, R., & Venn, S. (2016). Ecology and Conservation of Steppes and Semi-Natural Grasslands. Hacquetia, 15(2). Pridobljeno od https://ojs.zrc-sazu.si/hacquetia/article/view/4639

Številka

Rubrike

Articles

Najbolj brani prispevki istega avtorja(jev)