Common lands, shared futures: The importance of ecosystem services, justice, and sustainability through community land management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS.14867Keywords:
commons, collective actions, local communities, nature's contribution to people, ecosystem services, cultural landscapeAbstract
This editorial article introduces the special issue "The importance of common lands' management for sustaining ecosystem services". This special issue explores the dynamics of common lands and their role in providing ecosystem services, highlighting the interplay between local management and the environmental and social benefits they engender at both local and regional scales. It addresses an underexplored field through conceptual and empirical studies on provisioning and regulating ecosystem services of common lands. Effective management relies on the integration of local knowledge and participatory decision-making, yet faces challenges such as lack of recognition in policy, institutional silos, technical capacity and data gaps, cadastral uncertainty and conflict management.
Downloads
References
Adagói, I., Xavier, P., Pena, S. 2025: Planning a sustainable, fire-resilient landscape on commons lands. In: Planning Rural Landscapes: Green Infrastructure and Ecosystem Services Nexus. Routledge Research in Planning and Urban Design. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003583585-23
Anderies, J. M., Janssen, M. 2013: Sustaining the Commons. Center for the Study of Institutional Diversity, Arizona State University.
Armitage, D. 2008: Governance and the commons in a multi-level world. International Journal of the Commons 2-1. https://doi.org/10.18352/ijc.28
Bagnoli, P., Goeschl, T., Kovács, E. 2008: People and biodiversity policies: Impacts, issues and strategies for policy action. OECD Publishing.
Barnaud, C., De Longueville, F., Gonella, G., Antona, M., Dendoncker, N., Waylen, K. A. 2023: Participatory research on ecosystem services in the face of disputed values and other uncertainties: A review. Ecosystem Services 63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2023.101551
Barnaud, C., Muradian, R. 2024: Ecosystem services and collective action: New commons, new governance challenges. Ecosystem Services 70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2024.101662
Barton, D. N., Immerzeel, B., Brander, L., Grêt-Regamey, A., Kato Huerta, J., Kretsch, C., Le Clech, S. et al. 2024: Increasing uptake of ecosystem service assessments: Best practice check-lists for practitioners in Europe. One Ecosystem 9. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.9.e120449
Bogataj, N., Frantar, P. 2025: Groundwater ecosystem services on collectively managed lands: The Slovenian case of groundwater recharge. Acta geographica Slovenica 65-3. https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS.14319
Brown, D., Martin, A., Fisher, J. A., Gingembre, M. 2025: Towards a transformative approach to just rural transitions: Landscape restoration in the Scottish highlands. Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space 8-6. https://doi.org/10.1177/25148486251367163
Brown, K. M. 2006: New challenges for old commons: The role of historical common land in contemporary rural spaces. Scottish Geographical Journal 122-2. https://doi.org/10.1080/00369220600917412
Colchester, M. 2004: Conservation policy and indigenous peoples. Environmental Science & Policy 7-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2004.02.004
Costanza, R., d'Arge, R., de Groot, R., Farber, S., Grasso, M., Hannon, B., Limburg, K. et al. 1997: The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387. https://doi.org/10.1038/387253a0
Dawson, N. M., Coolsaet, B., Bhardwaj, A., Booker, F., Brown, D., Lliso, B., Loos, J. et al. 2024: Is it just conservation? A typology of Indigenous peoples’ and local communities’ roles in conserving biodiversity. One Earth 7-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2024.05.001
Eliasson, I., Fredholm, S., Knez, I., Gustavsson, E. 2022: The need to articulate historic and cultural dimensions of landscapes in sustainable environmental planning—A Swedish Case Study. Land 11-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11111915
Galán, E., Garmendia, E., García, O. 2022: The contribution of the commons to the persistence of mountain grazing systems under the Common Agricultural Policy. Land Use Policy 117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106089
Gomes, P. 2023: Os baldios como suporte de um modelo de governança territorial de âmbito local. Poder Local 161.
Gomes, P., Ribeiro, D., Lopes, D. 2025: Assessing the contribution of communal lands to ecosystem services: a quantification of carbon sequestration in a case study from Portugal. Acta geographica Slovenica 65-3. https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS.14339
Harmáčková, Z. V., Blättler, L., Aguiar, A. P. D., Daněk, J., Krpec, P., Vačkářová, D. 2022: Linking multiple values of nature with future impacts: Value-based participatory scenario development for sustainable landscape governance. Sustainability Science 17-3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-021-00953-8
Iordăchescu, G. 2022: Convivial conservation prospects in Europe—from wilderness protection to reclaiming the commons. Conservation and Society 20-2. https://doi.org/10.4103/cs.cs_35_21
Kaye-Zwiebel, E., King, E. 2014: Kenyan pastoralist societies in transition: Varying perceptions of the value of ecosystem services. Ecology and Society 19-3. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-06753-190317
Koch, L., Gorris, P., Prell, C., Pahl-Wostl, C. 2023: Communication, trust and leadership in co-managing biodiversity: A network analysis to understand social drivers shaping a common narrative. Journal of Environmental Management 336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117551
Larsson, J., Päiviö Sjanuja, E.-L. 2022: Self-governance and Sami communities: Transitions in early modern natural resource management. Palgrave Macmillan.
Lenzi, D., Balvanera, P., Arias-Arévalo, P., Eser, U., Guibrunet, L., Martin, A., Muraca, B., Pascual, U. 2023: Justice, sustainability, and the diverse values of nature: Why they matter for biodiversity conservation. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2023.101353
Loos, J., Benra, F., Berbés-Blázquez, M., Bremer, L. L., Chan, K. M., Egoh, B., Locatelli, B. et al. 2023: An environmental justice perspective on ecosystem services. Ambio 52-3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-022-01812-1
Mabon, L., Layard, A., De Vito, L., Few, R., Hatzisavvidou, S., Selomane, O., Marshall, A. et al.: What does a just transition mean for urban biodiversity? Insights from three cities globally. Geoforum 154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104069
Martin, A., McGuire, S., Sullivan, S. 2013: Global environmental justice and biodiversity conservation. The Geographical Journal 179-2. https://doi.org/10.1111/geoj.12018
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005: Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis. Island Press.
Molnár, Z., Fernández-Llamazares, Á., Schunko, C., Teixidor-Toneu, I., Jarić, I., Díaz-Reviriego, I., Ivascu, C. et al. 2023: Social justice for traditional knowledge holders will help conserve Europe's nature. Biological Conservation 285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110190
Monroy-Sais, S., Castillo, A., Garcia-Frapolli, E., Ibarra-Manriquez, G. 2016: Ecological variability and rule-making processes for forest management institutions: A socialecological case study in the Jalisco coast, Mexico. International Journal of the Commons 10. https://doi.org/10.18352/ijc.672
Ng, S.-L., Hong, N.-M., Chen, Y.-J. 2025: The nexus of common lands and ecosystem services: A systematic review and thematic insights. Acta geographica Slovenica 65-3. https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS.14327
Nogueira, J., Araújo, J. P., Alonso, J. M., Simões, S. 2023: Common lands, landscape management and rural development: A case study in a mountain village in northwest Portugal. Acta geographica Slovenica 63-3. https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS.11081
Ostrom, E. 1990: Governing the commons: The evolution of institutions for collective action. Cambridge University Press.
Ostrom, E. 2009: A general framework for analyzing sustainability of social-ecological systems. Science 325-5939. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1172133
Pagot, G., Šmid Hribar, M., Rail, L. F., Walters, G., Hymas, O., Liechti, K., Haller, T. et al. 2025: Territories of commons: A review of common land organizations and institutions in the European Alps. Environmental Research Letters 20-6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/add1f4
Paloniemi, R., Apostolopoulou, E., Primmer, E., Grodzinska-Jurcak, M., Henle, K., Ring, I., Kettunen, M. et al. 2012: Biodiversity conservation across scales: Lessons from a science–policy dialogue. Nature Conservation 2. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.2.3144
Pascual, U., Adams, W. M., Díaz, S., Lele, S., Mace, G. M., Turnhout, E. 2021: Biodiversity and the challenge of pluralism. Nature Sustainability 4-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-021-00694-7
Plieninger, T., Bieling, C., Fagerholm, N., Byg, A., Hartel, T., Hurley, P., López-Santiago, C. A. et al. 2015: The role of cultural ecosystem services in landscape management and planning. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2015.02.006
Premrl, T., Udovč, A., Bogataj, N., Krč, J. 2015: From restitution to revival: A case of commons re-establishment and restitution in Slovenia. Forest Policy and Economics 59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2015.05.004
Rees, W. E. 2008: Human nature, eco-footprints and environmental injustice. Local Environment 13-8. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549830802475609
Rodela, R., Tucker, C. M., Šmid Hribar, M., Sigura, M., Bogataj, N., Urbanc, M., Gunya, A. 2019: Intersections of ecosystem services and common-pool resources literature: An interdisciplinary encounter. Environmental Science & Policy 94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.12.021
Rodgers, C., Mackay, D. 2017: Creating ‘new’ commons for the twenty-first century: Innovative legal models for ‘green space’. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 61-5,6. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2017.1333407
Shimada, D. 2014: External impacts on traditional commons and present-day changes: A case study of Iriai forests in Yamaguni district, Kyoto, Japan. International Journal of the Commons 8-1. https://doi.org/10.18352/ijc.348
Shoreman-Ouimet, E., Kopnina, H. 2015: Reconciling ecological and social justice to promote biodiversity conservation. Biological Conservation 184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.01.030
Sikor, T. (ed.) 2013: The justices and injustices of ecosystems services. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203395288
Šmid Hribar, M. 2025: Ten years after the new Agrarian Communities Act: The state of agrarian communities in the Gorenjska region. Geografski vestnik 97 (in press).
Šmid Hribar, M., Japelj, A., Rac, I., Vurunić, S., Ribeiro, D. 2025a: Challenges related to stakeholder involvement in the assessment of ecosystem services in protected areas in Slovenia. One Ecosystem 10. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.10.e163691
Šmid Hribar, M., Kozina, J., Bole, D., Urbanc, M. 2018: Public goods, common-pool resources, and the commons: The influence of historical legacy on modern perceptions in Slovenia as a transitional society. Urbani izziv 29-1. https://doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2018-29-01-004
Šmid Hribar, Ribeiro, D., Villoslada, M. 2025b: The contribution of common lands to carbon sequestration: A case study from Triglav National Park in Slovenia. Acta geographica Slovenica 65-3. https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS.14491
Šmid Hribar, M., Urbanc, M., Zorn, M. 2023: Commons and their contribution to sustaining Slovenian cultural landscapes. Acta geographica Slovenica 63-3. https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS.11591
Tallis, H., Lubchenco, J. 2014: Working together: A call for inclusive conservation. Nature 515-7525. https://doi.org/10.1038/515027a
Tauli-Corpuz, V., Alcorn, J., Molnar, A., Healy, C., Barrow, E. 2020: Cornered by PAs: Adopting rights-based approaches to enable cost-effective conservation and climate action. World Development 130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.104923
Tengberg, A., Fredholm, S., Eliasson, I., Knez, I., Saltzman, K., Wetterberg, O. 2012: Cultural ecosystem services provided by landscapes: Assessment of heritage values and identity. Ecosystem Services 2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2012.07.006
Timmer, V., Juma, C. 2005: Taking root: Biodiversity conservation and poverty reduction come together in the tropics. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 47-4. https://doi.org/10.3200/ENVT.47.4.24-44
Tucker, C. M., Šmid Hribar, M., Urbanc, M., Bogataj, N., Gunya, A., Rodela, R., Sigura, M., Piani, L. 2023: Governance of interdependent ecosystem services and common-pool resources. Land Use Policy 127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2023.106575
Urbanc, M., Hori, K., Šmid Hribar, M. 2023: Commons, collective actions and landscapes: A short introduction. Acta geographica Slovenica 63-3. https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS.13206
Urbanc, M., Ledinek Lozej, Š., Šmid Hribar, M. 2025: Mountain pastures in the Slovenian Alps: Their role in shaping and sustaining the cultural landscape. In: Discourses on mountains of Montenegro and Slovenia. Historical Geography and Geosciences. Springer.
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Daniela Ribeiro, Mateja Šmid Hribar, Conor Kretsch

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
