The English Origins of Geotourism (as a Vehicle for Geoconservation) and Their Relevance to Current Studies

Authors

  • Thomas A. Hose

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS51302

Keywords:

geotourism, geoconservation, geosite, geoheritage, geoparks, England

Abstract

This paper contextualises the recognition of the geotourism concept. It stresses the underpinning geoconservation purpose that drove its development in England. It notes the multidisciplinary nature of geotourism research. It provides a summary of the development of early modern geoconservation in England as a necessary precursor to the inception, recognition and development of geotourism.  It notes the evolving geotourism research approach and its impact on its understandings, definitions and models; the whole is contextualised within the framework of special interest tourism. The interaction between geotourism and geoparks is considered. A new geotourism definition is provided and a plea made for its original rationale and observations to be included in studies elsewhere in Europe.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aldridge, D. 1975: Guide to Countryside Interpretation: Principles of Countryside Interpretation and Interpretive Planning. Edinburgh.

Alexandrowicz, Z. 2006: Geopark – nature protection category aiding the promotion of geotourism (Polish Perspectives). Geoturystyka 5,3-12.

Alfrey, J. and Putnam, T. 1992: The Industrial Heritage: Managing resources and uses. London.

Allen, P., Benton, M. J., Black, G. P., Cleal, C. J., Evans, K. M., Jusypiw, S. I., Rowlands, M. A. and Westoll, T. S. 1989: The Future Of Earth Sciences Site Conservation. Geological Curator 5-3. Liverpool.

Field facilities in geology - Mortimer Forest Clearance Project. Earth Science Conservation 11, 1976. Belfast.

Towards An Education Strategy based on the Earth Science interest of Dorset’s Jurassic Coast: A consultation document from the Jurassic Coast Project, 1998. Dorchester.

Badman, T. 1994: Interpreting earth science sites for the public. Geological and Landscape Conservation. London.

Barrow, G. 1993: Environmental Interpretation and Conservation in Britain. Conservation in Progress. Chichester.

Bitgood, S. 1988: Introduction: Visitor Studies – 1988, Visitor Studies – 1988 Theory, Research and Practice. Proceedings of the First Annual Visitor Studies Conference. Jacksonville.

Boniface, P. B. and Fowler, P. J. 1993: Heritage and Tourism in ‘the global village’. London.

Boo, E. 1990: Ecotourism: the potentials and pitfalls.Washington DC.

Butler, R. W. 1991: Tourism, environment, and sustainable development, Environmental Conservation 18-3. Cambridge.

Carvalho, C. N. de, Rodrigues, J. 2009: New Challenges with geotourism: Proceedings of the VIII European Geoparks Conference. Idanha-a-Nova.

Catana, M. M., Rocha, D. 2009: The role of the Educational Programs on Tourism Development of NaturteJo and Arouca GeoParks Proceedings of the VIII European Geoparks Conference. Idanha-a-Nova.

Cope, F. W. 1972: The Peak District. London.

Cope, F. W. 1976: Geology Explained in the Peak District. Newton Abbot.

Cossons, N. 1974: The Conservation of Industrial Monuments. Museums Journal 74-2. London.

Culshaw, M.G., Bell, F. G., Cripps, J. C and O’Hara, M. 1987: Aspects of geology in planning. Planning and Engineering Geology 4. London.

Durham County Council, 1994. County Durham Geological Conservation Strategy. Durham.

Geological Society. A Forum for Earth Heritage Conservation in the UK. London.

Gonggrijp, G. P. 1997: Unknown, unloved: Education, the basis for protection. Engineering geology and the environment. Rotterdam.

Gonsalves, P. S. 1987: Alternative tourism – the evolution of a concept and establishment of a network. Tourism recreation research 12-2. Indira Nagar.

Hall, C. M., Weiler, B. 1992: What’s Special about Special Interest Tourism? Special interest tourism. London.

Ham, S. H. 1992: Environmental Interpretation: A Practical Guide for People with Big Ideas and Small Budgets. Golden.

Hamblin, R. J. O., Warwick, G. T., White, D. E. 1978: Geological handbook for the wrens nest national nature reserve. London.

Harris, H. 1972: Industrial Archaeology of the Peak District. Newton Abbot.

Harrison, L. C., Husbands, W. 1996: Practicing responsible tourism: international case studies in tourism planning, policy, and development. New York.

Himus, G. W., Sweeting, G. S. 1972: Elements of Field Geology. London.

Hose, T. A. 1994a: Interpreting Geology at Hunstanton Cliffs SSSI, Norfolk: a summative evaluation. High Wycombe.

Hose, T. A. 1994b: Telling the story of stone – assessing the client base. Geological and Landscape Conservation. London.

Hose, T. A. 1994c: Rockhounds Welcomed? unpublished paper to the Visitor Studies Association Annual Conference. Raleigh.

Hose, T. A. 1995a: Selling the story of Britain's stone. Environmental Interpretation 10-2.

Hose T.A. 1996a: Interpreting geology at Hunstanton cliffs SSSI, Norfolk – A summative evaluation 176. Earth Heritage Site Interpretation in England; a review of principle techniques with case studies. Peterborough.

Hose, T. A. 1995b: Evaluating interpretation at Hunstanton. Earth Heritage 4-20.

Hose T. A. 1996c: Geotourism, or can tourists become casual rock hounds? Geology on your Doorstep. London.

Hose, T. A. 1996b: Interpreting Geology at Charmouth Heritage Coast Centre, Dorset: A Summative Evaluation 176. Earth heritage site interpretation in England; a review of principle techniques with case studies. Peterborough.

Hose, T. A. 1997a: Ludlow, geology and tourism (including a summary of a visitor survey of the reading the Rocks Exhibition). High Wycombe.

Hose T. A. 1997b: Geotourism – selling the Earth to Europe. Engineering Geology and the Environment. Rotterdam.

Hose T. A. 1998a: Selling coastal geology to visitors. Coastal defence and earth science conservation. London.

Hose, T. A. 1998b: Is it any fossicking good? or behind the signs – a critique of current geotourism interpretative media. Unpublished keynote paper to Irish geotourism conference. Belfast.

Hose, T. A. 2000a: European Geotourism – Geological Interpretation and Geoconservation Promotion for Tourists. Geological Heritage: Its Conservation and Management. Madrid.

Hose T. A. 2000b: European Geotourism – An overview of the promotion of geoconservation through interpretative provision. Symposium Zukunftsfähiger Geotourismus – Ein Baustein zur lokalen Agenda 21. Bad Urach.

Hose, T. A. 2003: Geotourism in England: A two-region case study analysis. Ph. D. thesis. University of Birmingham, Birmingham.

Hose T. A. 2005a: Geo-tourism – appreciating the deep time of landscapes. Niche Tourism: contemporary issues, trends and cases. Oxford.

Hose, T. A. 2005b: Landscapes of meaning: geotourism and the sustainable exploitation of the European geoheritage. Unpublished presentation and workshop (May, 2005) for the Institute of Geography, University of Lausanne. Lausanne.

Hose, T. A. 2006: Leading the field: a contextual analysis of the field-excursion and the field-guide in England. Proceedings of the Critical Issues in Leisure and Tourism Education Conference. High Wycombe.

Hose, T. A. 2007a: Geoconservation versus geo-exploitation and the emergence of modern geotourism. Geology cross-bordering the Western and Eastern European Platform. Szczecin.

Hose T. A. 2007b: Geotourism in Almeria province, southeast Spain. Tourism: an international interdisciplinary journal 55-3. Zagreb.

Hose T. A. 2008: Towards a history of Geotourism: definitions, antecedents and the future. The History of Geoconservation – Special Publication 300. London.

Keene, P. 1994: Conservation through on-site interpretation for a public audience. Geological and Landscape Conservation. London.

Komoo, I. 1997: Conservation geology: A case for the ecotourism industry of Malaysia. Engineering Geology and the Environment. Rotterdam.

Kotler, P., Haider, D. H., Rein, L. 1993: Marketing Places: Attracting investment, industry and tourism to cities, states and nations. New York.

Krippendorf, J. 1987b: The holiday makers: understanding the impact of leisure and travel. Oxford.

Lawson, J. D. 1973: New exposures on forestry roads near Ludlow. Geological Journal 8-2. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gj.3350080206

Lawson, J. D. 1977: Mortimer Forest Geological Trail. London.

Light, D. 1995: Visitors’ use of interpretive media at heritage sites. Leisure Studies 14. London. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02614369500390111

McKeever, P. J., Zouros, N., Margarete Patzak, M. 2010: The UNESCO Global Network of National Geoparks. European Geoparks Conference, 2010. Internet:

http://www.petrifiedforest.gr/Lesvos2010/preformated_fullPaper.doc (16. 12. 2010).

McKirdy, A., Threadgould, R. 1994: Reading the Landscape. London.

Miller, J. S. 1990: Increasing visitor education through a tiered approach to interpretation, Visitor studies: Theory Research and Practice 3. Columbus.

Nature Conservancy Council, 1970: Wren's nest national nature reserve geological trail. London.

Nature Conservancy Council, 1990: Earth science conservation in Britain: a strategy. Peterborough.

Nixon, F. 1969: The industrial archaeology of the peak district. Newton Abbot.

Neves, R., Downie, C. 1967: Geological excursions in the Sheffield region. Sheffield.

Novelli, M. 2005: Niche Tourism: contemporary issues, trends and cases. Oxford.

O'Rourke, R. 1990: The global classroom: an international symposium on educational tourism. Christchurch.

Oxenham, J. R. 1966: Reclaiming derelict land. London.

Page, K. N. 1992: Site Information Boards for Geological and Geomorphological SSSIs. Peterborough.

Page, K. N. 1994: Information signs for geological and geomorphological sites: basic principles. Geological and landscape conservation. London.

Page, K. N., Keene, P., Edmonds, R. P. H., Hose, T. A. 1996: Earth heritage site interpretation in England; a review of principle techniques with case studies 176. Peterborough.

Patzack, M. 2000: Developing a UNESCO Geoparks Programme: Feasibility Study. Paris.

Patzak, M. 2009: UNESCO and the Global Geoparks Network – geological heritage and the sustainable development worldwide. New Challenges with geotourism. Idanha-a-Nova.

Phillips, A. 1989: Interpreting the Countryside and the Natural Environment. Heritage Interpretation 1 – The Natural and Built Environment. London.

Read, S. E. 1980: A prime force in the expansion of tourism in the next decade: special interest travel. Tourism Marketing and Managing Issues. Washington.

Richter, L. K. 1987: The search for appropriate tourism. Tourism recreation research 12-2. Indira Nagar.

Robinson, E. 1998: Tourism in geological landscapes. Geology Today 7/8. London.

Sharpe, G. W. 1982: An Overview of Interpretation. Interpreting the environment. New York.

Rutt, P. 1995: Panel Beating in Gerolstein. Environmental Interpretation 10-2. Golden.

Simpson, I. M. 1982: Rocks and Fossils – a geological field guide: The Peak District. London.

Slomka, T., Kicinska-Swiderska, A. 2004: Geoturystyka podstawowe pojęcia (The basic concepts of geoturism). Geoturystyka 1.

Stanley, M. F. 1993: The national scheme for geological site documentation. Earth science conservation in Europe. Oslo.

Stevens, C., Gordon, J. E., Green, C. P., Macklin, M. G. 1992: Conserving our landscape: evolving landforms and Ice Age heritage. Crewe.

Thomas, I. A., Prentice, J. E. 1994: A consensus approach: industry and geoscience at the National Stone Centre, UK. Geological and Landscape Conservation. London.

Toghill, P. 1972: Geological conservation in Shropshire. Journal of the Geological society of London 128. London.

Toghill, P. 1994: Involving landowners, local societies and statutory bodies in Shropshire's geological conservation. Geological and landscape conservation. London.

Wimbledon, W. A. P., Ishchenko, A. A., Gerasimenko, N. P., Karis, L. O., Suominen,

V., Johansson, C. E., Freden, C. 2000: Geosites - An IUGS initiative: science supported by conservation. Geological Heritage: its conservation and management. Madrid.

Ward, S. V. 1998: Selling Places: The marketing and promotion of towns and cities 1850–2000. London.

Wimbledon, W. A. 1996a: National site selection, a stop on the road to a European geosites list. Geologica Balcania 26-1.

Wimbledon, W. A. 1996b: GEOSITES – a new conservation initiative. Episodes 19.

Wimbledon, W. A. P., Ishchenko, A. A., Gerasimenko, N. P., Karis, L. O., Suominen,

V., Johansson, C. E., Freden, C. 2000: Geosites – an IUGS initiative: science supported by conservation. Geological Heritage: Its conservation and management. Madrid.

World Tourism Organisation, 1985. The role of recreation management in the development of active holidays and special interest tourism and consequent enrichment of the holiday experience. Madrid.

Wray, J. 1991: Interpreting geological sites. Earth science conservation 28. Belfast.

Wright, R. 1993: Conservation and landfill – a question of timing. Earth Science Conservation 32. Belfast.

Zouros, N. 2006: The European geopark network: geological heritage protection and local development – a tool for geotourism development in Europe. 4th European geoparks meeting.

Downloads

Published

15-12-2011

How to Cite

A. Hose, T. 2011: The English Origins of Geotourism (as a Vehicle for Geoconservation) and Their Relevance to Current Studies. Acta geographica Slovenica 51-2. https://doi.org/10.3986/AGS51302