Nezaželena povratna denarna nakazila: primer mladih ukrajinskih študentov na Češkem
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3986/dd/2026.2.8Ključne besede:
migracije študentov, instrumentalne migracijske težnje, transnacionalna družina, neodvisnost, povratna denarna nakazilaPovzetek
Avtor v prispevku raziskuje povezavoy med t. i. instrumentalnimi migracijskimi težnjami (željami po selitvi zaradi izobraževanja) in povratnimi denarnimi nakazili v transnacionalnih družinah. Na podlagi podatkov iz polstrukturiranih intervjujev z mladimi ukrajinskimi migranti in migrantkami, ki so se na Češko preselili v starosti 15–16 let, ugotavlja, da si sogovorniki, ki so se preselili, po začetni fazi prihoda in prilagajanja želijo postati finančno neodvisni od svojih staršev, ki niso odšli v tujino. Prizadevajo si torej za neodvisnost, ki temelji na zavestnem zavračanju transnacionalne finančne odvisnosti od svojih družin. S tem avtor pokaže, kako je lahko v okviru individualnih migracijskih ambicij finančna podpora družine dojeta kot nezaželena.
Prenosi
Literatura
Basch, L., Glick-Schiller, N., & Szanton-Blanc, C. (2003). Nations unbound. Routledge.
Boccagni, P. (2017). Aspirations and the subjective future of migration: Comparing views and desires of the “time ahead” through the narratives of immigration domestic workers. Comparative Migration Studies, 5(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-016-0047-6
Carling, J. (2014, September 3). The role of aspirations in migration: Paper presented at Determinants of International Migration. International Migration Institute, University of Oxford. https://jorgencarling.files.wordpress.com/2014/09/carling-2014-the-role-of-aspirations-in-migration-2014-07.pdf
Carling, J. (2025). Why do people migrate? Fresh takes on the foundational question of migration studies. International Migration Review, 58(4), 1757–1791. https://doi.org/10.1177/01979183241269445
Carling, J., & Collins, F. (2018). Aspiration, desire and drivers of migration. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44(6), 909–926. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1384134
Carling, J., & Hoelscher, K. (2013). The capacity and desire to remit: Comparing local and transnational influences. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 39(3), 939–958. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2013.765657
Carling, J., & Schewel, K. (2018). Revisiting aspiration and ability in international migration. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44(6), 945–963. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1384146
Collins, F. (2018). Desire as a theory for migration studies: Temporality, assemblage and becoming in the narratives of migration. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44(6), 964–980. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1384147
Czech Statistical Office. (2017). Cizinci vzdělávající se v ČR podle druhu vzdělávacího zařízení [Foreigners studying in the Czech Republic by type of educational institution] (Report No. 3). https://csu.gov.cz/docs/107508/ca9dcc13-321f-487a-5d98-78b59cb53b2b/29002617a02.pdf?version=1.0
Czech Statistical Office. (2025a). Cizinci v České republice: Foreigners in the Czech Republic (Publication Code 290027-25). Population Statistics Department. https://csu.gov.cz/docs/107508/ac29195a-ff1b-5999-b6aa-ead3feb11444/29002725.pdf?version=1.1
Czech Statistical Office. (2025b, October 21). Vzdělávání cizinců [Education of foreigners]. https://csu.gov.cz/vzdelavani-cizincu?pocet=10&start=0&podskupiny=294&razeni=-datumVydani
De Haas, H. (2021). A theory of migration: The aspirations-capabilities framework. Comparative Migration Studies, 9(8), 1–35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-020-00210-4
De Haas, H., & Fokkema, T. (2010). Intra-household conflicts in migration decision-making: Return and pendulum migration in Morocco. Population and Development Review, 36(3), 541–561. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2010.00345.x
Drbohlav, D. (2010). Migrace a (i)migranti v Česku. Karolinum.
Drbohlav, D., & Jaroszewicz, M. (2016). Ukrainian migration in times of crisis: forced and labour mobility. Charles University.
Faist, T. (2000). The Volume and Dynamics of International Migration and Transnational Social Spaces. Oxford University Press.
FitzGerald, D. (2014). The sociology of international migration. In C. Brettell, & J. Hollifield (Eds.), Migration theory: Talking across disciplines (pp. 114–137). Routledge.
Fog Olwig, K. (2007). Caribbean journeys. Duke University Press.
Ghorashi, H., De Boer, M., & Holder, F. (2018). Unexpected agency on the threshold: Asylum seekers narrating from an asylum seeker centre. Current Sociology, 66(3), 373–391. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392117703766
Goździak, E. M., & Main, I. (2020). Transnational mobility and socio-cultural remittances: The case of Polish women in Norway and Poland. Ethnologia Europaea, 50(1), 159–175. https://doi.org/10.16995/ee.1207
Huijsmans, R. (2015). Children and young people in migration: A relational approach. In C. N. Laoire, A. White, & Tracey Skelton (Eds.), Movement, Mobilities and Journeys (pp. 45–67). Springer.
Ivashchenko, K. (2021). The dynamics of migration intentions among Ukraine’s population: What has changed over the past 30 years? In V. Vorona, & M. Schulha (Eds.), Ukrainian Society: Monitoring of Social Changes. 30 Years of Independence (pp. 169–184). Institute of Sociology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
Jirka, L. (2021). Ukrainian migration to the Czech Republic and its changes during the COVID-19 epidemic. Lidé města/Urban People 23(3), 331–352. https://doi.org/10.14712/12128112.2376
Karlová, J. (2014). Home, identity and worldview as part of transcultural communication. EL Press.
Krofl, M. (2017). Islam, transnacionalna obleka in identiteta: Migracije podob, transformacije pomenov. Dve domovini / Two Homelands, 46(2), 167–180. https://doi.org/10.3986/dd.2017.2.11
Lacroix, T., Levitt, P., & Vari-Lavoisier, I. (2016). Social remittances and the changing transnational political landscape. Comparative Migration Studies, 4(16), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-016-0032-0
Leontiyeva, Y., & Kopecká, L. (2018). Migrace ukrajinských studentů do České republiky: Perspektivy lidského kapitálu (Research Paper No. 20). Asociace pro mezinárodní otázky (AMO). https://www.amo.cz/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/AMO_ukrainian-students-in-the-czech-republic_CZ1.pdf
Levitt, P. (2001). The transnational villagers. University of California Press.
Levitt, P. (2015). Social remittances: How migrating people drive migrating culture. In Triandafyllidou, A. (Eds.), Routledge handbook of immigration and refugee studies (pp. 223–228). Routledge.
Mata-Codesal, D. (2018). Is it simpler to leave or to stay put? Desired immobility in a Mexican village. Population, Space and Place, 24(4), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2127
Mazzucato, V. (2011). Reverse remittances in the migration–development nexus: Two‐way flows between Ghana and the Netherlands. Population, Space and Place, 17(5), 454–468. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.646
Morad, M., & Gombač, J. (2015). Transmigrants, transnational linkages and ways of belonging: The case of Bangladeshi migrants in Italy. Dve domovini / Two Homelands, 41(1), 61–76. http://www.dlib.si/?URN=URN:NBN:SI:DOC-U84JHKEV
Müller-Funk, L., Üstübici, A., & Belloni, M. (2023). Daring to aspire: theorising aspirations in contexts of displacement and highly constrained mobility. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 49(15), 3816–3835. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2023.2208291
Nikolayenko, O. (2011). Citizens in the making in post-Soviet states. Routledge.
Roberts, K. (2009). Youth in transition. Palgrave Macmillan.
Rodriguez-Pena, N. (2022). Moving across (im)mobility categories: the importance of values, family and adaptation for migration. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 49(3), 618–635. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2022.2064839
Rodriguez-Pena, N. (2024). The strength of migration and stay aspirations: understanding harmonious, conflicting and indeterminate aspirations. Comparative Migration Studies 12, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-024-00392-1
Schiefer, D., Düvell, F., & Sağıroğlu, A. Z. (2023). Migration aspirations in forced transnational families: The case of Syrians in Turkey. Migration Studies, 11(3), 470–503. https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnad020
Sørensen, N. N., & Vammen, I. M. (2014). Who cares? Transnational families in debates on migration and development. New Diversities, 16(2), 89–108.
Ul Abdin, Z. (2025). From remittance receivers to senders: Unpacking transnational care circulation among South Asian student migrants in Finland and Sweden. Population, Space and Place, 31(6), Article e70077. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.70077
Van Hear, N., Bakewell, O., & Long, K. (2018). Push-pull plus: Reconsidering the drivers of migration. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44(6), 927–944. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1384135
Van Helsum, A. (2017). Aspirations and frustrations: Experiences of recent refugees in the Netherlands. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 40(13), 2137–2150. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2017.1343486
Van Mol, C., Snel, E., Hemmerechts, K., & Timmerman, C. (2018). Migration aspirations and migration cultures: A case study of Ukrainian migration towards the European Union. Population, Space and Place, 24(5), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2131
Velychko, K., & Yaremenko, M. (2020). The phenomenon of student migration in Ukraine. Ekonomika, 9(5), 62–70. https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-5-62-70
Vezzoli, S. (2023). Understanding aspirations to stay: Relative endowment within a time-space perspective. Migration Studies, 11(2), 259–285. https://doi.org/10.1093/migration/mnad007
Waldinger, R., & FitzGerald, D. (2004). Transnationalism in question. American Journal of Sociology, 109(5), 1177–1195. https://doi.org/10.1086/381916
Walker, Ch., & Stephenson, S. (2010). Youth and social change in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Journal of Youth Studies, 13(5), 521–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2010.487522
White, A., & Grabowska, I. (2018). The impact of migration on sending countries, with particular reference to Central and Eastern Europe. In A. White, I. Grabowska, P. Kaczmarczyk, & K. Slany (Eds.), The impact of migration on Poland (pp. 42–67). UCL Press.
Prenosi
Objavljeno
Kako citirati
Številka
Rubrike
Licenca
To delo je licencirano pod Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 mednarodno licenco.
Avtorji jamčijo, da je delo njihova avtorska stvaritev, da v njem niso kršene avtorske pravice tretjih oseb ali kake druge pravice. V primeru zahtevkov tretjih oseb se avtorji zavezujejo, da bodo varovali interese založnika ter da bodo povrnili morebitno škodo.
Podrobneje v rubriki: Prispevki
