Komunikacijska razmerja na Twitterju v obdobju migrantske »krize« v Sloveniji

Avtorji

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3986/2024.1.11

Ključne besede:

migrantska »kriza«, Twitter, analiza socialnih omrežij, kritični študiji diskurza, »desno« usmerjeni akterji

Povzetek

Avtor v članku proučuje komunikacijska razmerja na Twitterju v obdobju migrantske »krize« 2015–2016 v Sloveniji. Izhajajoč iz analize socialnih omrežij in kritičnih študijev diskurza ugotavlja, da ima omrežje, ki predstavlja »levo« politično opcijo, največ članov, »desno« politično omrežje pa je bilo najvplivnejše in najdejavnejše. Med najvplivnejšimi uporabniki omrežja so politična elita, množični mediji, novinarji in javno znane osebe. Večina objav vsebuje diskriminatorni diskurz s poudarkom na varnostnem razumevanju migracij. Raziskava je pomembna zato, ker gre za enega redkih in razmeroma celovitih vpogledov v digitalno spletno migracijsko razpravo v Sloveniji.

Prenosi

Podatki o prenosih še niso na voljo.

Literatura

Al-Rawi, A. (2019). Twitter influentials and the networked publics’ engagement with the Rohingya crisis in Arabic and English. In K. Smets, K. Leurs, M. Georgiou, S. Witteborn & R. Gajjala (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Media and Migration (pp. 192–204). SAGE.

Arlt, D., Rauchfleisch, A., & Schäfer, M. S. (2019). Between Fragmentation and Dialogue. Twitter Communities and Political Debate About the Swiss “Nuclear Withdrawal Initiative”. Environmental Communication, 13(4), 440–456. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2018.1430600

Avraamidou, M., Ioannou, M., & Eftychiou, E. (2021). “Innocent” Hashtags? A Cautionary Tale: #IStandWithGreece as a Network of Intolerance on Twitter During a Land Border Crisis. International Journal of Communication, 15, 2849–2869. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/16576

Bakshy, E., Messing, S., & Adamic, L. (2015). Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook. Science, 348(6239), 1130–1132. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aaa1160

Barisione, M., Michailidou, A., & Massimo, A. (2019). Understanding a digital movement of opinion: The case of #RefugeesWelcome. Information, Communication & Society, 22, 1145–1164. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1410204

Bennett, S. (2016). New “crises,” old habits: Online interdiscursivity and intertextuality in UK migration policy discourses. Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies, 16(1–2), 140–160. https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2016.1257753

Bigo, D. (2005). Frontier controls in the European Union: who is in control? In D. Bigo & E. Guild (Eds.), Controlling Frontiers: Free Movement into and within Europe (pp. 49–99). Ashgate.

Blondel, V. D., Guillaume, J., Lambiotte, R., & Lefebvre, E. (2008). Fast unfolding of communities in large networks. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, 10, P10008. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.0803.0476

Bozdağ, Ç., & Smets, K. (2017). Understanding the Images of Alan Kurdi with “Small Data”: A Qualitative, Comparative Analysis of Tweets About Refugees in Turkey and Flanders (Belgium). International Journal of Communication, 11, 4046–4069. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/7252

Bruns, A., Burgess, J., Crawford, K., & Shaw, F. (2012). #qldfloods and @QPSMedia: Crisis Communication on Twitter in the 2011 South East Queensland Floods. ARC Centre of Excellence for Creative Industries and Innovation.

Bruns, A., & Highfield, T. (2018). Is Habermas on Twitter? Social Media and the Public Sphere. In A. Bruns, G. Enli, E. Skogerbo, A. Larsson & C. Christensen (Eds.), The Routledge Companion to Social Media and Politics (pp. 56–73). Routledge.

Consterdine, E. (2018). State-of-the-art report on public attitudes, political discourses and media coverage on the arrival of refugees. Ceaseval Research on the Common European Asylum System (02). http://ceaseval.eu/publications/02_Consterdine_State-of-the-art_report_on_public_attitudes.pdf (2023, March 16).

Dang-Xuan, L., Stieglitz, S., Wladarsch, J., & Neuberger, C. (2013). An Investigation of Influentials and the Role of Sentiment in Political Communication on Twitter During Election Periods. Information, Communication & Society, 16(5), 795–825. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.783608

Doğu, B. (2020). Turkey’s news media landscape in Twitter: Mapping interconnections among diversity. Journalism, 21(5), 688–706. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884917713791

Dolar, M. (2021, June 25). Mladen Dolar: ‘Če bi zgolj ohranjali vrednote, ne bi imeli ne Trubarja ne Kosovela’. Primorske novice. https://www.primorske.si/2021/06/24/mladen-dolar-ce-bi-zgolj-ohranjali-vrednote-ne-bi

Dylko, I., Dolgov, I., Hoffman, W., Eckhart, N., Molina, M., & Aaziz, O. (2017). The dark side of technology: An experimental investigation of the influence of customizability technology on online political selective exposure. Computers in Human Behavior, 73, 181–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.031

Eberl, J., Meltzer, C. E., Heidenreich, T., Herrero, B., Theorin, N., Lind, F., Berganza, R., Boomgaarden, H. G., Schemer, C., & Strömbäck, J. (2018). The European Media Discourse on Immigration and Its Effects: A Literature Review. Annals of the International Communication Association, 42(3), 207–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2018.1497452

Eurostat (2019). Asylum in the EU Member States. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/9665546/3-14032019-AP-EN.pdf/eca81dc5-89c7-4a9d-97ad-444b6bd32790 (2023, March 17).

Evkoski, B., Mozetič, I., Ljubešić, N., & Kralj Novak, P. (2021). Community evolution in retweet networks. PLoS ONE, 16(9), e0256175-1–e0256175-21. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256175

Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Polity Press.

Ferra, I., & Nguyen, D. (2017). #Migrantcrisis: “tagging” the European migration crisis on Twitter. Journal of Communication Management, 21(4), 411–426. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCOM-02-2017-0026/full/html

Froio, C., & Ganesh, B. (2019). The transnationalisation of far right discourse on Twitter. European Societies, 21(4), 513–539. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2018.1494295

Fuchs, C. (2021). Social media: a critical introduction. Sage.

Garrett, K. R., Carnahan, D., & Lynch, E. K. (2011). A turn toward avoidance? Selective exposure to online political information, 2004–2008. Political Behavior, 35, 113–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-011-9185-6

Government of the Republic of Slovenia [Slovenian: Vlada Republike Slovenije] (2016). Migracije v številkah. https://www.policija.si/images/stories/DelovnaPodrocja/meja/migracije/angleska_besedila/2016/02_februar/02_februar/160202_migranti.pdf (2023, March 16).

Gualda, E., & Rebollo, C. (2016). The refugee crisis on Twitter: A diversity of discourses at a European crossroads. Journal of Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, 4(3), 199–212. http://hdl.handle.net/10272/13624

Guess, A., Nyhan, B., Lyons, B., & Reifler, J. (2017). Avoiding the echo chamber about echo chambers. Knight Foundation.

Hansen, D. L., Shneiderman, B., Smith, M. A., & Himelboim, I. (2020). Twitter: Information flows, influencers, and organic communities. In D. L. Hansen, B. Shneiderman, M. A. Smith, I. Himelboim (Eds.), Analyzing Social Media Networks with NodeXL (Second Edition) (pp. 161–178). Morgan Kaufmann. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-817756-3.00011-x

Himelboim, I. (2017). Social network analysis (social media). In J. Matthes (Ed.), The International Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods (pp. 1–15). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118901731.iecrm0236

IOM (2019). IOM Definition of “Migrant”. https://www.iom.int/who-migrant-0 (2022, March 3).

Jalušič, V. (2001). Ksenofobija ali samozaščita? O vzpostavljanju nove slovenske državljanske identitete. Poročilo skupine za spremljanje nestrpnosti, 1, 12–43.

Jesenšek, L., Verčič, D., & Kronegger, L. (2021). Struktura slovenske politične razprave na Twitterju ob volitvah v Evropski parlament. Teorija in praksa, 58(1), 49–71. https://www.doi.org/10.51936/tip.58.1.49-71

Kogovšek Šalamon, N., & Bajt, V. (2016). Introduction. In N. K. Šalamon & V. Bajt (Eds.), Razor-Wired: Reflections on Migration Movements Through Slovenia in 2015 (pp. 7–11). Peace Institute. http://www.mirovni-institut.si/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Razor_wired_publikacija_web.pdf (2023, March 16).

Kreis, R. (2017). #refugeesnotwelcome: Anti-refugee discourse on Twitter. Discourse & Communication, 11(5), 498–514. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750481317714121

Krzyżanowski, M., & Machin, D. (2017). Critical approaches: media analysis in/and critical discourse studies. In C. Colter & D. Perrin (Eds.), Routledge Handbook of Language and Media (pp. 62–76). Routledge.

Lecheler, S., Matthes, J., & Boomgaarden, H. G. (2019). Setting the Agenda for Research on Media and Migration: State-of-the-Art and Directions for Future Research. Mass Communication and Society, 22(6), 691–707. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2019.1688059

Lindgren, S. (2017). Digital media and society. SAGE.

Luthar, B. (2017). Begunci in “Odmevi”: epistemologija konvencij. Dve domovini / Two Homelands, 45, 153–168.

Malešič, M. (2017). The securitisation of migrations in Europe: The case of Slovenia. Teorija in praksa, 54(6), 947–968.

Metaxas, P., Mustafaraj, E., Wong, K., Zeng, L., O’Keefe, M., & Finn, S. (2021). What Do Retweets Indicate? Results from User Survey and Meta-Review of Research. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 9(1), 658–661.

Pariser, E. (2011). The Filter Bubble: How the New Personalized Web Is Changing What We Read and How We Think. Penguin Publishing Group.

Pušnik, M. (2017). Dinamika novičarskega diskurza populizma in ekstremizma: moralne zgodbe o beguncih. Dve domovini / Two Homelands, 45, 137–152.

Rasmussen, T. (2016). The Internet Soapbox: Perspectives on a Changing Public Sphere. Universitetsforlaget.

Schroeder, R. (2018). Towards a theory of digital media. Information, Communication & Society, 21(3), 323–339. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1289231

Siapera, E., Boudourides, M., Lenis, S., & Suiter, J. (2018). Refugees and network publics on Twitter: Networked framing, affect, and capture. Social Media + Society, 4(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305118764437

Smets, K., Leurs, K., Georgiou, M., Witteborn, S., & Gajjala, R. (2019). Editorial Introduction – Media and Migration: Research Encounters. In K. Smets, K. Leurs, M. Georgiou, S. Witteborn & R. Gajjala (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Media and Migration (pp. xlv–lxii). SAGE.

Smrdelj, R., & Vogrinc, J. (2020). Migrant Objectification in Television News Discourse in the Context of Criminalisation: An Example Concerning Slovenian Public Television Broadcast News. In N. Kogovšek Šalamon (Ed.), Causes and Consequences of Migrant Criminalization (pp. 287–305). Springer. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43732-9_14

Smrdelj, R. (2021). Research on Migration in Slovenian Media: The “Other” in the Period of “Crisis”. Annales, 31(3), 519–534. https://www.doi.org/10.19233/ASHS.2021.33

Smrdelj, R. (2022). The Construction of the Refugee Crisis in Slovenia from the Perspective of the Hybrid Media System [Doctoral dissertation, University of Ljubljana].

Smrdelj, R., & Pajnik, M. (2022). Intersectional representation in online media discourse: reflecting anti-discrimination position in reporting on same-sex partnerships. Gender, Technology and Development, 26(3), 463–484. https://doi.org/10.1080/09718524.2022.2144100

Šarić, L., & Felberg, T. R. (2019). Representations of the 2015/2016 “migrant crisis” on the online portals of Croatian and Serbian public broadcasters. In L. Viola & A. Musolff (Eds.), Migration and Media: Discourses about Identities in Crisis (pp. 203–238). John Benjamins Publishing Company. https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.81.10sar

Verweij, P. (2012): Twitter links between politicians and journalists. Journalism Practice, 6(5–6), 680–691.

Vezovnik, A. (2018). Securitizing migration in Slovenia: a discourse analysis of the Slovenian refugee situation. Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies, 16(1–2), 39–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2017.1282576

Wood, N., & King, R. (2001). Media and Migration: An Overview. In R. King & N. Wood (Eds.), Media and migration: Constructions of mobility and difference (pp. 1–22). Routledge.

Xie, Q., & Luo, T. (2019). Examining User Participation and Network Structure via an Analysis of a Twitter-Supported Conference Backchannel. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 57(5), 1160–1185. https://doi.org/10.1177/0735633118791262

Zavratnik, S., & Cukut Krilić, S. (2020). Digitalni begunci: transformacije migracijskih poti ali ko pametni telefon nadomesti kovček. Založba FDV, Založba ZRC.

Objavljeno

2024-02-18

Kako citirati

Smrdelj, R. (2024). Komunikacijska razmerja na Twitterju v obdobju migrantske »krize« v Sloveniji. Dve Domovini, 2024(59). https://doi.org/10.3986/2024.1.11

Številka

Rubrike

Članki