Kakšna je trajnostna populacija dreves na drevesno-pašnem podsistemu?
Ključne besede:
model, naravna gozdna krajina, hrast, stara drevesa, obrezano na glavoPovzetek
Pašniki z drevesi so pomembni za biodiverziteto zaradi njihove odprtosti in zaradi prisotnih starih dreves. Vendar so mlada drevesa, ki naj bi nadomestila trenutno generacijo starih dreves redka, kar predstavlja potencialno grožnjo mozaičnemu habitatu in vrstam, ki so odvisne od prisotnosti dreves. Uporabili smo preprost model, ki predstavlja koliko mladih dreves lahko pričakujemo v različnih predvidevanih gostotah starih dreves in različnih stopnjah odmiranja starih dreves zaradi starosti na pašniku, kjer dominirajo hrasti. Iz tega smo ocenili skupno pokrovnost krošenj v krajini, če se drevesa aktivno obrezuje ali le-ta zrastejo do polne velikosti krošnje. Pokrovnost krošenj je pogosto do petkrat večja, če drevesa zrastejo do polne velikosti, kot če jih obrezujemo. Večina pokrovnosti krošenj je zaradi mlajših dreves (ki pa pogosto manjkajo). Trenutna odprtost pašno-drevesnih podsistemov je delno posledica odsotnosti trajnostne strukture drevesne populacije. Določene zaščitene površine so verjetno premajhne, da bi se lahko manjkajoče generacije dreves obnovile in da bi se obenem ohranila trenutna stopnja odprtosti pašnika. Pri analogiji med sedanjimi pašno-drevesni podsistemi in naravnimi pašniki z drevesi iz obdobja pred Neolitikom moramo upoštevati manjkajoče generacije dreves.
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