Diversity of Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz (Orchidaceae) pollinators and visitors in conditions of Kyiv city (Ukraine)
Ključne besede:
Orchidaceae, Epipactis, pollinators, Kyiv, plant visitors, UkrainePovzetek
Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz je zavarovana vrsta v Ukrajini. Za organizacijo optimalnih varstvenih ukrepov so potrebne obsežne študije različnih vidikov njegove biologije. Namen te raziskave je bil določiti opraševalce in obiskovalce E. рalustris. Študija je bila izvedena v mestu Kijev (Ukrajina) med letoma 2020 in 2022. Raziskava se je osredotočila na obiskovalce členonožcev v dveh populacijah, ki jih je ustvaril človek. Identificiranih in ustanovljenih je bilo 31 družin 48 rodov iz 9 redov členonožcev. Z največjim številom vrst so bile zastopane Hymenoptera, Coleoptera in Diptera. Ocena aktivnosti obiskovalcev je pokazala, da so bili najpogostejši obiskovalci Hymenoptera. Ključno vlogo pri opraševanju E. palustris imajo Halictidae, Apidae in Coccinellidae. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da populacije E. palustris v razmerah mesta Kijev tvorijo edinstveno samoregulacijsko biocenozo, ki zagotavlja zavetje in hrano za 53 identificiranih vrst členonožcev. Za E. palustris v Kijevu je značilna predvsem entomofilija. Obnašanje nekaterih žuželk posredno kaže na kemično mimikrijo za privabljanje žuželk opraševalcev in žuželk plenilcev za biološko zaščito pred škodljivci.
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