Značilnosti in vzroki za prekinitev pretoka kraškega izvira Iskrets (Zahodni Balkan, Bolgarija)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3986/ac.v54i2.13966Ključne besede:
karst spring, regime, interruption of the flow, cave sedimentsPovzetek
Izvir Iskrets je eden najpomembnejših kraških izvirov v Bolgariji. Posebnost tega izvira so neenakomerna in nenadna zmanjšanja pretoka po nekaterih potresih, lahko pa tudi kot posledica razmer, povezanih z napajanjem. Namen te študije je postaviti razumno hipotezo o vzrokih za prekinitve pretoka. Glavna značilnost kraškega sistema Iskrets je, da v nenasičenem območju prevladuje tok vode s prosto gladino in velikim razponom hitrosti. To ustvarja pogoje za znatno erozijo, transport in ponovno odlaganje fluvialnih jamskih sedimentov. Posledično se na območjih, kjer pride do močnega zmanjšanja hitrosti vode, usedajo večje količine sedimenta, ki lahko zapolnijo celoten presek kraškega kanala in povzročijo začasno prekinitev pretoka izvira. Domnevamo, da se primeren odsek, kjer se to zgodi, nahaja v bližini izvira. Najverjetneje je glavni razlog za premik jamskih sedimentov utekočinjanje tal zaradi potresnega vpliva. Ugotovili smo, da je trajanje prekinitve pretoka daljše pri nizkih pretokih izvira.
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