New records of coniferous species (Gymnospermae, Pinidae) to the woody non-native flora of Tunisia and North Africa
Keywords:
Alien species, Chorology, Coniferae, Cryptomeria D.Don, Laricoideae, naturalization, Pinopsida, Taxodium Rich.Abstract
Ten new taxa of gymnosperms are added to the non-indigenous woody flora of Tunisia. Four of them (Cryptomeria japonica, Pinus brutia var. pityusa, Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca, Taxodium distichum var. distichum) are also new for the flora of North Africa. Pinus coulteri is here first reported for the Mediterranean Basin. Three genera (Cryptomeria, Pseudotsuga and Taxodium) are firstly recorded for the non-native vascular flora of Africa whereas two genera (Cedrus and Platycladus) are reported for the first time only for the woody flora of Tunisia. Brief descriptions together with filed photographs, global distributions and habitats at national scale are provided. Some taxonomic comments on their distinguishable features as well as updated keys are also presented.
Downloads
References
APD [African Plant Database] (2022a). Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Carrière – In: African Plant Database. – Published at https://africanplantdatabase.ch/fr/nomen/131097, Accessed: 17.08.2022.
APD [African Plant Database] (2022b). Pinus pinaster subsp. escarena (Risso) K. Richt. – In: African Plant Database. – Published at https://africanplantdatabase.ch/fr/nomen/131122, Accessed: 17.08.2022.
APD [African Plant Database] (2022c). Pinus pinaster Aiton subsp. pinaster – In:
African Plant Database. – Published at https://africanplantdatabase.ch/fr/nomen/131126, Accessed: 23.07.2022.
APD [African Plant Database] (2022d). Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco – In:
African Plant Database. – Published at https://africanplantdatabase.ch/fr/nomen/131027, Accessed: 24.07.2022.
Bastien, J.-C., Sanchez, L. & Michaud, D. (2013). Forest Tree Breeding in Europe, Pâques, L.E. ed. (Springer Netherlands, 2013), vol. 25 of Managing Forest Ecosystems, pp. 325–369.
Cuénod, A., Pottier-Alapetite, G. & Labbe, A. (1954). Flore analytique et synoptique de Tunisie : Cryptogames vasculaires, Gymnospermes et Monocotylédones. Office de l’expérimentation et de la vulgarisation agricoles de Tunisie. – Tunis.
Earle, C. J. (2007+ onwards). The Gymnosperm Database. http://www.conifers.org/cy/index.htm, Accessed: 17.07.2022.
Eckenwalder, J.E. (2009). Conifers of the World, the Complete Reference. Timber Press, Inc., Portland
El Mokni, R. (2019b). Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) W. T. Aiton – P. 107 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 10 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 39]. Willdenowia, 49, 95–115. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.49.49111
El Mokni, R. & De Bélair, G. (2020). Wisteria sinensis (Sims) Sweet – Pp. 319-320 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 12 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 41]. Willdenowia, 50, 305–341. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.50.50214
El Mokni, R. & Domina, G. (2020a). Brugmansia suaveolens (Willd.) Sweet (≡
Datura suaveolens Willd.) – P. 330 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 12 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 41]. Willdenowia, 50, 305–341. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.50.50214
El Mokni, R. & Domina, G. (2020b). Lycianthes rantonnei (Carrière) Bitter (≡ Solanum rantonnei Carrière) – P. 331 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 12 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 41]. Willdenowia, 50, 305–341. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.50.50214
El Mokni, R. & Iamonico, D. (2020). New aliens in Malvaceae for the North African flora, with nomenclatural notes. Collectanea Botanica, 39, e009. doi: https://doi.org/10.3989/collectbot.2020.v39.009
El Mokni, R. & Verloove, F. (2020a). Fallopia baldschuanica (Regel) Holub (≡ Polygonum baldschuanicum Regel) – P. 326 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 12 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 41]. Willdenowia, 50, 305–341. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.50.50214
El Mokni, R. & Verloove, F. (2020b). Abutilon grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet – P. 320 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 12 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 41]. Willdenowia, 50, 305–341. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.50.50214
El Mokni, R. (2019a). Ficus microcarpa L. f. – P. 106 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 10 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 39]. Willdenowia, 49, 95–115. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.49.49111
El Mokni, R. (2019c). Citharexylum spinosum L. – P. 108 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 10 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 39]. Willdenowia, 49, 95–115. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.49.49111
El Mokni, R. (2019d). Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. – P. 108 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 10 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 39]. Willdenowia, 49, 95–115. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.49.49111
El Mokni, R. (2019e). Lithraea molleoides (Vell.) Engl. (≡ Schinus molleoides
Vell.) – Pp. 422–423 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist
Notulae, 11 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 40]. Willdenowia, 49, 421–445. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.49.49312
El Mokni, R. (2019f). Schinus molle L. and Sch. terebinthifolius Raddi – P. 423 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 11 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 40 Willdenowia, 49, 421–445. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.49.49312
El Mokni, R. (2020a). Plumbago auriculata Lam. (= P. capensis Thunb.) – P. 326 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 12 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 41]. Willdenowia, 50, 305–341. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.50.50214
El Mokni, R. (2020b). Nicodemia madagascariensis (Lam.) R. Parker (≡ Buddleja madagascariensis Lam. ≡ Adenoplea madagascariensis (Lam.) Eastw.) – Pp. 329-330 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 12 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 41]. Willdenowia, 50, 305–341. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.50.50214
El Mokni, R. (2021a). Melia azedarach L. – P. 153 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+MedChecklist Notulae, 13 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 42]. Willdenowia, 51, 141–168. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.51.51112
El Mokni, R. (2021b). Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. – P. 153 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+MedChecklist Notulae, 13 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 42]. Willdenowia, 51, 141–168. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.51.51112
El Mokni, R. (2021c). Pittosporum undulatum Vent. – Pp. 156-157 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+MedChecklist Notulae, 13 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 42]. Willdenowia, 51, 141–168. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.51.51112
El Mokni, R. (2021d). Ziziphus jujuba Mill. – P. 158 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+MedChecklist Notulae, 13 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 42]. Willdenowia, 51, 141–168. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.51.51112
El Mokni, R., Iamonico, D., Véla, E., Verloove, F. & Domina, G. 2022. New records of Asteraceae for the non-native flora of Tunisia and north Africa with some nomenclatural remarks. Mediterranean Botany, 43, e73688. https://doi.org/10.5209/mbot.73688
Elwes, H. J., & Henry, A. (1909). The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. 4 (Privately printed, Edinburgh, 1909).
Farjon, A. (1998). World Checklist and Bibliography of Conifers. Richmond, UK: Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew.
Farjon, A. (2010). A handbook of the world’s conifers (Brill, 2010).
Farjon, A. (2017). A Handbook of the World’s Conifers: vol. 1 and 2. 2nd edition. Brill, Leiden, Netherlands.
Farjon, A., & Filer, D. (2013). An atlas of the world’s conifers: an analysis of their distribution, biogeography, diversity and conservation status. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers.
Gudžinskas, Z., Petrulaitis, L. & Žalneravičius, E. (2017). New woody alien plant species recorded in Lithuania. Botanica Lithuanica, 23, 153–168, https://doi.org/10.1515/botlit-2017-0017
Hermann, R.K. & Lavender, D.P. (1990). Douglas Fir, Agriculture Handbook 654 (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, DC., 1990), pp. 527–540.
Iamonico, D. & El Mokni, R. (2021). Malvaviscus arboreus Cav. – Pp. 152–153 in: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.), Euro+MedChecklist Notulae, 13 [Notulae ad floram euro-mediterraneam pertinentes No. 42]. Willdenowia, 51, 141–168. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.51.51112
Maity, D. & Moktan, S. (2019). Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D.Don, Taxodiaceae) flowers in Arun Kumar Sharma Botanic Garden (AKSBG) at Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Pleione, 13(2), 385 - 388. https://doi:10.26679/Pleione.13.2.2019.385-388
Mayer, K., Haeuser, E., Dawson, W., Essl, F., Kreft, H., Pergl, J., Pyšek, P., Weigelt, P., Winter, M., Lenzner, B., & van Kleunen, M. (2017). Naturalization of ornamental plant species in public green spaces and private gardens. Biological Invasions, 12, 3613–3627.
Miyajima, H. (1973). Approach to intensive culture and forest tree breeding of Cryptomeria in Japan. Bulletin of the Kyushu University Forests, 47,13–20.
Pergl, J., Sádlo, J., Petřík, P., Danihelka, J., Chrtek, J.Jr., Hejda, M., Moravcová, L., Perglová, I., Štajerová, K. & Pyšek P. (2016). Dark side of the fence: ornamental plants as a source for spontaneous flora of the Czech Republic. Preslia, 88, 163–184.
POWO [Plants of the World Online] (2022a). Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex Carrière – Published at https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50881822-1, Accessed: 17.07.2022.
POWO [Plants of the World Online] (2022b). Pinus pinaster subsp. escarena (Risso) K. Richt. – Published at https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77189501-1, Accessed: 17.07.2022.
POWO [Plants of the World Online] (2022c). Pinus pinaster subsp. pinaster – Published at https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77169609-1, Accessed: 23.07.2022.
POWO [Plants of the World Online] (2022d). Pseudotsuga Carrière – Published at https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30005513-2, Accessed: 23.07.2022.
POWO [Plants of the World Online] (2022e). Hesperocyparis arizonica (Greene) Bartel– Published at https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60451546-2, Accessed: 23.07.2022.
POWO [Plants of the World Online] (2022f). Pinus brutia var. pityusa (Steven) Silba – Published at https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:924404-1, Accessed: 30.07.2022.
Pyšek, P., Lambdon, P.W., Arianoutsou, M., Kühn, I., Pino, J. & Winter, M. (2009). Alien vascular plants of Europe. – In: Handbook of Alien Species in Europe: 43–61. – Dordrecht.
Raab-Straube, E. von (2014+) [continuously updated]. Gymnospermae. – In: Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. – Published at https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/113d55cd-83ca-46cf-8ca4-a6b04373d378, Accessed: 17-30.07.2022.
Richardson, D.M. & Rejmánek, M. (2011). Trees and shrubs as invasive alien species a global review. Diversity and Distributions, 17, 788–809.
Schulz, C., Knopf, P. & Stützel, Th. (2005). Identification key to the Cypress family (Cupressaceae) with 11 figures. Feddes Repertorium, 116 (1–2), 96–146 DOI: 10.1002/fedr.200411062
Thiers, B. (2022+) [continuously updated]. Index Herbariorum, A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden's Virtual Herbarium, Accessed: 27.07.2022 from http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/
Vilà, M., Meggaro, Y., & Weber, E. (1999). Preliminary analysis of the naturalized flora of northern Africa. Orsis, 14, 9–20.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 ZRC-SAZU
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors guarantee that the work is their own original creation and does not infringe any statutory or common-law copyright or any proprietary right of any third party. In case of claims by third parties, authors commit their self to defend the interests of the publisher, and shall cover any potential costs.
More in: Submission chapter
