Every War Invents Its Heroes

Authors

  • Božidar Jezernik University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Arts, Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, Zavetiška 5, SI - 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3986/Traditio2018470102

Keywords:

Commemorations, the Great War, Heroes, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians, Memory, Public Monuments // heroji, javni spomeniki, Kraljevina Srbov, Hrvatov in Slovencev, prva svetovna vojna, spominske slovesnosti

Abstract

The question of the First World War’s purpose and justification was asked by many after the war was over. It was of particular relevance for the citizens of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians, whose (self)questioning and search for historical statements were additionally burdened by the fact that citizens of the new Nation of Three Names had been enemies on the frontlines, fighting on opposite sides of the battle-lines. This uncomfortable truth represented a tremendous obstacle for the formulation of a unified “common” wartime memory.

***

Vprašanje o smislu in upravičenosti Prve svetovne vojne so si po koncu zastavljali mnogi. Vprašanje je bilo posebnega pomena za državljane Kraljevine Srbov, Hrvatov in Slovencev, katerih (samo)spraševanje in odkrivanje sporočil zgodovine je bilo še dodatno obremenjevalo dejstvo, da so državljani nove države troimenega naroda med vojno pripadniki na sovražnih vojska in so se borili na nasprotnih straneh. Ta neprijetna resnica je predstavljala velikansko oviro za oblikovanje skupnega spomina na vojno, njene vzroke in posledice.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ashplant, T. G., Graham Dawson and Michael Roper (eds.). 2000. The Politics of War Memory and Commemoration. London and New York: Routledge.

Bobič, Pavlina. 2012. War and Faith: The Catholic Church in Slovenia, 1914–1918. Leiden and Boston: Brill.

Bokovoy, Melissa. 2001. Scattered Graves, Ordered Cemeteries. Commemorating Serbia’s Wars of National Liberation, 1912–1918. In: Maria Bucur and Nancy M. Wingfield (eds.), Staging the Past. The Politics of Commemoration in Habsburg Central Europe, 1848 to the Present. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press, 236–254.

Borg, Alan. 1991. War Memorials from Antiquity to the Present. London: Leo Cooper.

Brandt, Susanne. 2004. Nagelfiguren. Nailing patriotism in Germany 1914–18. In: Nicholas J. Saunders (ed.), Matters of Conflict. Material culture, memory and the First World War. London and New York: Routledge, 62–71.

Budal, Andrej. 1925. Hermann Wendel, Der Kampf der Südslaven um Freiheit und Einheit. Frankfurter Societäts-Druckerei, G. m b. H. Abteilung Buchverlag. Frankfurt am Main, 1925. 798 strani. Ljubljanski Zvon 11: 694–700.

Čopič, Špelca. 1987. Slovenski spomeniki padlim v prvi svetovni vojni. Kronika 3: 168–177.

Čopič, Špelca. 2000. Javni spomeniki v slovenskem kiparstvu prve polovice 20. stoletja. Ljubljana: Moderna galerija Ljubljana.

Demski, Dagnosław. 2014. Jan Sobieski. Anniversaries of the of the 1683 Battle of Vienna (from 1783 to 1983) and its Historical Imagination. Traditiones 43 (1): 13–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3986/Traditio2014430103

Dimić, Ljubodrag. 1998. Srbi i Jugoslavija. Prostor, društvo, politika. (Pogled s kraja veka). Beograd: Stubovi kulture.

Fikfak, Jurij. 2014. Leaders and Heroes of the Nation. Traditiones 43 (1): 7–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3986/Traditio2014430101

Fowler, Peter J. 1981. Archaeology, the Public and the Sense of the Past. In: David Lowenthal and Marcus Binney (eds.), Our Past before Us. Why Do We Save It? London: Temple Smith, 56–69.

Gerolymatos, André. 2002. The Balkan Wars. New York: Basic Books.

Gillis, John R. (ur.). 1994. Commemorations. The Politics of National Identity. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Glazer, Peter. 2005. Radical Nostalgia. Spanish Civil War Commemoration in America. Rochester: University of Rochester Press.

Gygi, Fabio. 2004. Shattered experiences – recycled relics. Strategies of representation and the legacy of the Great War. In: Nicholas J. Saunders (ed.), Matters of Conflict. Material culture, memory and the First World War. London and New York: Routledge, 72–89.

Hauptmann, Ljudmil. 1938. Svetovna vojna in naš nacionalizem. Ljubljanski Zvon 427–433; 529–535.

Jezernik, Božidar. 2014. A Group Portrait with an Austrian Marshall, an Honorary Citizen of Ljubljana. Traditiones 43 (1): 29–52.

Laquer, Thomas W. 1994. Memory and Naming in the Great War. In: John R. Gillis (ed.), Commemorations. The Politics of National Identity. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 150–167.

Moriarty, Catherine. 1997. Private Grief and Public Remembrance: British First World War Memorials. In: Martin Evans and Kenneth Lunn (eds.), War and Memory in the Twentieth Century. Oxford: Berg, 125–142.

Mosse, George L. 1975. The Nationalization of the Masses. Political Symbolism and the Mass Movements in Germany from the Napoleonic Wars Through the Third Reich. New York: Howard Fertig.

Mosse, George L. 1990. Fallen Soldiers. Reshaping the Memory of the World Wars. New York in Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Newmann, John Paul. 2011. Forging a United Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. The legacy of the First World War and the ‘invalid question’. In: Dejan Djokić and James Ker-Lindsay (eds.), New Perspectives on Yugoslavia. Key Issues and Controversies. London and New York: Routledge, 46–61.

Svoljšak, Petra. 2006. Nekaj utrinkov iz delovanja veteranske organizacije Zveza bojevnikov: »Organizacija Bojevnikov je trdna in močna, je zveza src in duš. Je temelj prijateljstva in ljubezni med narodi«. Prispevki za novejšo zgodovino 46 (1): 277–288.

Svoljšak, Petra. 2010. Spomin na svetovno vojno. In: Marko Štepec (ed.), Slovenci + prva svetovna vojna 1914–1918. Ljubljana: Muzej novejše zgodovine Slovenije, 94–95.

Svoljšak, Petra. 2011. Slovenski spomin na prvo svetovno vojno in mesto feldmaršala Svetozarja Borojevića pl. Bojne v njem. In: Marino Manin (ur.), Feldmaršal Svetozar barun Borojević od Bojne (1856.–1920.). Zbornik radova. Zagreb: Hrvatski institut za povijest, 31–42.

Teski, Marea C. and Jacob J. Climo (eds.). 1995. The Labyrinth of Memory. Ethnographic Journeys. Westport and London: Bergin & Garvey.

Van Ypersele, Laurence. 2010. Mourning and Memory, 1919–45. In: John Horne (ed.), A Companion to World War I. Malden, MA, Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 576–590.

Winter, Jay. 1995. Sites of memory, sites of mourning. The Great War in European cultural history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Winter, Jay. 2006. Remembering War. The Great War Between Memory and History in the Twentieth Century. New Haven in London: Yale University Press.

Downloads

Published

02.04.2018

How to Cite

Jezernik, B. (2018). Every War Invents Its Heroes. Traditiones, 47(1), 35–61. https://doi.org/10.3986/Traditio2018470102

Issue

Section

Monuments and Cemeteries / Spomeniki in pokopališča