Monitoring of microbial indicator groups in caves through the use of RIDA®COUNT kits

Authors

  • Janez Mulec Karst Research Institute, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Titov trg 2, 6230 Postojna
  • Václav Krištůfek Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i. - Institute of Soil Biology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05 České Budějovice
  • Alica Chroňáková Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i. - Institute of Soil Biology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05 České Budějovice

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3986/ac.v41i2-3.565

Abstract

RIDA®COUNT kitsMeasurements of microbiological parameters are not currently widely used for protection, monitoring and preservation of caves although they indicate very well the recent human impact. Here we present a commercially available microbiological kit for cave ecologists, the RIDA®COUNT test kit (R-Biopharm AG, Germany), as a supplementary tool for research and show examples. Simultaneously, lists of microbial indicator groups and cave microhabitats, where this methodology may be applied, are presented. Indicators include certain clinically important human-associated microbes such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus that are easy to quantify with basic cultivation methodology. Relatively higher bacterial counts compared to yeast and moulds on RIDA®COUNT test plates indicate recent and pronounced human impact. Swab samples allow detection of gradients of surface microbial colonization and determination of the microbial load on footprints and fingerprints in caves. In our tests, RIDA®COUNT plates for enumeration of yeast and moulds revealed a similar microbial load between unwashed caving boots and human fingerprints on a metal fence. Similarly, total bacterial counts were comparable between these two surfaces, 5,890 CFU/100 cm2 for unwashed boots and 4,340 CFU/100 cm2 for fingerprints on metal fence. Bacterial counts on walking surfaces in show caves can exceed 10,000 CFU/100 cm2 (Postojna Cave). These examples show that quantification of microbial indicator groups revealed increased microbial load and possible biohazard in the underground. This procedure may be widely adopted as a part of a regular monitoring programme in caves.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Downloads

Published

2012-12-15

How to Cite

Mulec, J., Krištůfek, V., & Chroňáková, A. (2012). Monitoring of microbial indicator groups in caves through the use of RIDA®COUNT kits. Acta Carsologica, 41(2-3). https://doi.org/10.3986/ac.v41i2-3.565

Issue

Section

Original papers