Najstarejša kartografija – razvoj do antike // The oldest cartography – development up to the classical antiquity

Abstract

Človek je zgodaj razvil umetniške sposobnosti izražanja, upodabljanje ozemlja na neko podlago pa je bil eden od načinov tega izražanja. Ker je bil svet pred tisočletji še zelo »velik« in nepovezan, se védenje o Zemlji oziroma njenih delih ni prenašalo iz ene celine na drugo oziroma je bil prenos zanemarljiv. Vsaka človeška skupnost je razvila svoj način risanja ozemlja, ki je sprva temeljil na preprostih upodobitvah, kasneje pa že kartografsko bolj izoblikovanih smereh. Do antike so nastala številna kartografska dela, ki so v večini le pogojno zemljevidi, a predstavljajo nujno predhodnico kasnejšemu razvoju kartografije.

Early on, man developed the artistic ability of expression. Drawing land on a specific surface constituted one of the means of this expression. Since thousands of years ago the world was still extremely “big” due to the lack of connection among individual parts, the transfer of knowledge about the Earth among different continents was (almost) non-existent. Each community developed its own unique manner of drawing maps, which at first rested on simple imagery, but later on became more cartographically distinguished. Up to the period of classical antiquity, numerous cartographic works, which can only be called maps under certain conditions, were created, all necessary to the subsequent development of cartography.